View source for Carthamus creticus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Carthamus creticus
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl. ed.
|place=2, 2: 1163. 1763
|year=1763
}}
|common_names=Smooth distaff thistle
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Carthamus baeticus
|authority=Boissier & Reuter
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Carthamus lanatus subsp. baeticus
|authority=(Boissier & Reuter) Nyman
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Carthamus lanatus subsp. creticus
|authority=(Linnaeus) Holmboe
}}
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Cardueae;Carthamus;Carthamus creticus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Cardueae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Carthamus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Carthamus creticus]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=page 179
|treatment_page=page 180
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>40–100 cm, herbage ± sparsely hairy. <b>Stems</b> rigidly erect, openly branched above, stramineous. <b>Leaves</b> basal and cauline; basal often absent at anthesis, petioles winged, blades pinnately 1–2-divided into linear or lanceolate spine-tipped lobes, cauline spreading or recurved, lanceolate to ovate, rigid, clasping, margins spiny-lobed, spine-tipped. <b>Involucres</b> ovoid, 20–25 mm, very thinly cobwebby or becoming glabrous. <b>Outer</b> phyllaries ascending or ± spreading, 35–55 mm, usually 2 times as long as inner, terminal appendages spreading to ascending, spiny-lobed, prominently spine-tipped. <b>Corollas</b> pale yellow, 25–35 mm, throats abruptly expanded; anthers white with purple stripes; pollen white. <b>Cypselae</b> brown, 4–6 mm, outer roughened; pappus scales 1–10 mm. <b>2n</b> = 64.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering summer (Jun–Aug).
|habitat=Fields, roadsides
|elevation=0–500 m
|distribution=B.C.;Calif.;Nev.;Oreg.;S.C.;Europe.
|discussion=<p><i>Carthamus creticus</i> has been reported for British Columbia in all recent floras, as <i>C. lanatus</i> subsp. baeticus. It is native to the Mediterranean region.</p><!--
--><p>Apparently an allohexaploid derived by hybridization between <i>Carthamus leucocaulos</i> (2n = 20) and <i>C. lanatus</i> (2n = 44) (M. O. Khidir and P. F. Knowles 1970b), <i>C. creticus</i> is similar to <i>C. lanatus</i> and was treated as a subspecies of the latter (P. Hanelt 1963, 1976).</p><!--
--><p>Most American botanists have recognized this taxon at species rank, using the name <i>Carthamus</i> baeticus ascribed to (Boissier & Reuter) Nyman, based on the assumption that Nyman (Consp. Fl. Eur., 419. 1879) had proposed a new combination at the species level based on Kentrophyllum baeticum Boissier & Reuter. P. Hanelt (1963) used the name <i>C. lanatus</i> subsp. creticus for this taxon and treated both <i>C. creticus</i> and C. baeticus as synonyms. However, Hanelt (1976) substituted <i>C. lanatus</i> subsp. baeticus as the name for the taxon, ascribing the combination to the same Nyman publication. Hanelt (pers. comm.) has indicated that the contradictory nomenclatural citations were a result of Nyman’s peculiar way of presenting taxa that he considered to be subspecies: “in the work of Nyman the small-printed taxa subsumed under a ‘true’ species name and characterized by an asterisk had to be accepted as subspecies.” As a subspecific epithet, baeticus (1879) has nomenclatural priority over creticus (1914), hence Hanelt’s 1976 use of the former.</p><!--
--><p>Like <i>Carthamus lanatus</i>, <i>C. creticus</i> is a noxious weed that can severely degrade infested rangelands.</p>
|tables=
|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Carthamus creticus
|author=
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Carthamus baeticus;Carthamus lanatus subsp. baeticus;Carthamus lanatus subsp. creticus
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|phenology=Flowering summer (Jun–Aug).
|habitat=Fields, roadsides
|elevation=0–500 m
|distribution=B.C.;Calif.;Nev.;Oreg.;S.C.;Europe.
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1763
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/8f726806613d60c220dc4493de13607dd3150896/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V19_203.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Cardueae
|genus=Carthamus
|species=Carthamus creticus
}}<!--

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