View source for Coryphantha sneedii

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Coryphantha sneedii
|accepted_authority=(Britton & Rose) A. Berger
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Kakteen,
|place=280. 1929
|year=1929
}}
|common_names=Carpet foxtail cactus
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Escobaria sneeedii
|authority=Britton & Rose
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Escobaria sandbergii
|authority=unknown
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Escobaria villardii
|authority=unknown
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Coryphantha albicolumnaria
|authority=(Hester) Dale A. Zimmerman
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Coryphantha orcuttii
|authority=(Boedeker) Dale A. Zimmerman
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Coryphantha organensis
|authority=Dale A. Zimmerman
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Coryphantha sneedii var. leei
|authority=(Rose & Boedeker) L. D. Benson
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Coryphantha strobiliformis var. orcuttii
|authority=(Boedeker) L. D. Benson
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Escobaria guadalupensis
|authority=Castetter
}}
|hierarchy=Cactaceae;Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae;Coryphantha;Coryphantha sneedii
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cactaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Coryphantha]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Coryphantha sneedii]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 4
|mention_page=page 222, 223, 229, 230
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="plant architecture;branch life cycle;branch fragility;branch orientation;branch coloration;stem prominence"><b>Plants </b>branched (with age to 250 branches in some populations), most branches of largest clumps often immature, usually stiff and erect, white, stem obscured by spines.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="root density;root texture;taproot height or length or size;largest root count;largest root diam;adventitious-root density"><b>Roots </b>diffuse but ± fleshy or short taproots, largest roots basally less than ± 1/3 of stem diam., often dying in age, root system then diffuse adventitious-roots.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem prominence;stem length;stem shape;stem shape;stem shape;stem length;stem atypical width;stem width;ground position relational"><b>Stems </b>protruding above ground level for at least 1/2 its length, spheric at first, later cylindric or clavate, 3–27 × 1.3–7 (–10) cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="tubercle length;tubercle width;tubercle fragility">tubercles 3.5–12 × 2.5–6 mm, stiff;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="areolar gland count">areolar glands absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="parenchyma coating">parenchyma not mucilaginous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="druse count;druse size;druse some measurement;druse shape;druse prominence;part life cycle">druses present, some large, 0.5–1 mm, lenticular, always conspicuous in old parts of stem;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="pith count">pith 1/5–1/3 of lesser stem diam.;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="medullary system architecture;medullary system count">medullary vascular system absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="spine atypical count;spine atypical count;spine count;spine coloration;spine coloration;spine coloration;spine coloration;central spine coloration;central spine coloration;central spine coloration;central spine coloration;central spine coloration;central spine coloration;central spine coloration;central spine coloration;central spine coloration;central spine coloration;central spine coloration;central spine condition;central spine coloration;central spine coloration;central spine coloration;central spine coloration;tip coloration;tip coloration;tip coloration;tip coloration"><b>Spines </b>(31–) 37–76 (–95) per areole, all bright snowy white or, if ± pigmented (in some populations especially on igneous rock), then central spines tan, stramineous, golden yellow, pale chalky pink, pale purplish gray, or pinkish brown (rarely dark-brown), palest when fresh, weathering through gray to black, dark tips usually only on largest central spines, usually pink to orangebrown or purplish brown (very rarely blackish);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="spine arrangement;spine atypical count;spine atypical count;spine count;spine fixation or orientation;spine fixation or orientation;spine diameter;spine diameter;spine diameter">radial spines (18–) 25–52 (–73) per areole (12–45 per areole on immature branches), ± appressed or tightly appressed, 3–14 × (0.01–) 0.05–0.2 mm diam.;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="subcentral spine atypical count;subcentral spine atypical count;subcentral spine count">subcentral spines (0–) 1–5 (–10) per areole in adaxial part of cluster;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="outer central spine atypical count;outer central spine atypical count;outer central spine count;outer central spine orientation;outer central spine orientation">outer central spines (5–) 8–17 (–23) per areole, appressed or strongly projecting;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="inner central spine atypical count;inner central spine atypical count;inner central spine count;inner central spine arrangement;inner central spine orientation;inner central spine course;plant life cycle;longest spine length;longest spine atypical width;longest spine width">inner central spines (0–) 1–5 (–12) per areole, always radiating like spokes on adult plants, porrect (all appressed), straight, longest spines 3–25.5 × 0.2–0.5 (–0.6) mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="flower length;flower width;flower position"><b>Flowers </b>nearly apical, 11–28 × 7–25 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="outer tepal shape">outer tepals sparsely to densely fringed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="inner tepal count;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;midstripe prominence;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe length;midstripe width;anther coloration">inner tepals ca. 11–26 per flower, generally white, cream, pale tan, greenish white, or pale-rose-pink, midstripes usually ± sharply defined (sometimes absent), pink often suffused with brown, tan, yellowish, reddish, magenta, purple, lavender, or green, sometimes appearing pale orange proximally, mirroring anthers, or proximally pure white or faintly tinted with green, cream, or dull purplish red to bright pink, 5–14 × 0.8–4 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration;outer filament coloration">outer filaments white to cream, pinkish, dull purplish red, or magenta (sometimes white proximally, colored distally), usually not contrasting with inner tepals;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="anther coloration;anther coloration">anthers sulphur yellow or canary yellow;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="stigma lobe count;stigma lobe coloration;stigma lobe some measurement">stigma lobes 2–7, white (rarely pale-pink or yellowish white), 1–3 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="fruit growth form;fruit color;fruit color;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit length;fruit width;fruit texture;fruit condition;tubercle arrangement;smaller fruit texture"><b>Fruits </b>dimorphic, either “red” color phase (blood red or crimson throughout, sometimes tinted with magenta) or “green” color phase (pale green or yellow-green, sometimes exposed parts brownish green, pinkish, bright-yellow, dull orange, dull reddish purple, or pinkish brown, rarely dull brownish red throughout), cylindric to fusiform or obovoid to narrowly clavate, often distorted from lateral pressure of adjacent tubercles, 5.5–21 × 2.5–8 mm, juicy when fresh, ± quickly drying, smaller fruits less succulent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="floral remnant duration">floral remnant persistent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties=""><b>Seeds </b>bright reddish-brown or brownish orange, weathering to dull brown, ± comma-shaped, tending toward obovoid, (0.9–) 1–1.6 mm, distinctly pitted.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="seed coloration;seed coloration;seed condition;seed reflectance;seed coloration;seed shape;seed relief;2n chromosome count">2n = 22.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|habitat=Chihuahuan desert scrub to conifer woodlands, rock outcrops (rarely alluvial rubble), usually narrowly confined to limestone
|elevation=600-2600 m
|distribution=Ariz.;N.Mex.;Tex.;Mexico (Chihuahua).
|discussion=<p>Of conservation concern.</p><!--
--><p>Coryphantha sneedii, in the broad sense, is confusingly variable but less diverse than C. vivipara. Although it is closely related to C. vivipara, certain other species are more difficult to discriminate. Sympatric C. dasyacantha and C. tuberculosa are easily misidentified; identification without seeds or fresh flowers depends heavily on the lenticular druses in the pith and cortex of C. sneedii. The druses, also characteristic of C. vivipara, C. chlorantha, and C. alversonii, are about 0.6–1.0 mm diam. (conspicuous white flecks to the naked eye and strongly granular to the touch, like grains of sand in the tissue), in contrast to the tiny spheroid druses (less than 0.4 mm in diameter) found in most tissues throughout the genus.</p><!--
--><p>Sterile specimens of Coryphantha sneedii with large stems sometimes are nearly identical to certain forms of C. vivipara, but all C. vivipara populations have much larger flowers, fruits, and seeds. Young immature plants of C. vivipara lack the diagnostic medullary vascular system that otherwise distinguishes C. vivipara from C. sneedii, and the age at which it is developed may differ from one population to another.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Coryphantha sneedii
|author=
|authority=(Britton & Rose) A. Berger
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Coryphantha albicolumnaria;Coryphantha orcuttii;Coryphantha organensis;Coryphantha sneedii var. leei;Coryphantha strobiliformis var. orcuttii;Escobaria guadalupensis
|basionyms=Escobaria sneeedii;Escobaria sandbergii;Escobaria villardii
|family=Cactaceae
|habitat=Chihuahuan desert scrub to conifer woodlands, rock outcrops (rarely alluvial rubble), usually narrowly confined to limestone
|elevation=600-2600 m
|distribution=Ariz.;N.Mex.;Tex.;Mexico (Chihuahua).
|reference=None
|publication title=Kakteen,
|publication year=1929
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V4/V4_431.xml
|subfamily=Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae
|genus=Coryphantha
|species=Coryphantha sneedii
|2n chromosome count=22
|adventitious-root density=diffuse
|anther coloration=canary yellow;sulphur yellow;pale orange
|areolar gland count=absent
|branch coloration=white
|branch fragility=stiff
|branch life cycle=immature
|branch orientation=erect
|central spine coloration=usually pink;orangebrown or purplish brown
|central spine condition=weathering
|druse count=present
|druse prominence=conspicuous
|druse shape=lenticular
|druse size=large
|druse some measurement=0.5mm;1mm
|floral remnant duration=persistent
|flower length=11mm;28mm
|flower position=apical
|flower width=7mm;25mm
|fruit color=green;red
|fruit condition=drying
|fruit growth form=dimorphic
|fruit length=5.5mm;21mm
|fruit shape=distorted;cylindric;fusiform or obovoid
|fruit texture=juicy
|fruit width=2.5mm;8mm
|ground position relational=level
|inner central spine arrangement=radiating
|inner central spine atypical count=5;12
|inner central spine count=1;5
|inner central spine course=straight
|inner central spine orientation=porrect
|inner tepal coloration=pale-rose-pink;greenish white;pale-rose-pink;greenish white;pale tan;cream;white
|inner tepal count=11;26
|largest root count=1/3
|largest root diam=dying
|longest spine atypical width=0.5mm;0.6mm
|longest spine length=3mm;25.5mm
|longest spine width=0.2mm;0.5mm
|medullary system architecture=vascular
|medullary system count=absent
|midstripe coloration=faintly tinted with green punct cream or dull purplish red;bright pink
|midstripe length=5mm;14mm
|midstripe prominence=defined
|midstripe width=0.8mm;4mm
|outer central spine atypical count=17;23
|outer central spine count=8;17
|outer central spine orientation=projecting;appressed
|outer filament coloration=white;cream pinkish dull purplish red or magenta
|outer tepal shape=fringed
|parenchyma coating=not mucilaginous
|part life cycle=old
|pith count=1/5;1/3
|plant architecture=branched
|plant life cycle=adult
|root density=diffuse
|root texture=fleshy
|seed coloration=brown;brownish orange;bright reddish-brown
|seed condition=weathering
|seed reflectance=dull
|seed relief=pitted
|seed shape=comma-shaped
|smaller fruit texture=succulent
|spine arrangement=radial
|spine atypical count=52;73
|spine coloration=pigmented;,;white;bright snowy
|spine count=25;52
|spine diameter=0.05mm;0.2mm
|spine fixation or orientation=appressed;appressed
|stem atypical width=7cm;10cm
|stem length=3cm;27cm
|stem prominence=protruding;obscured
|stem shape=clavate;cylindric;spheric
|stem width=1.3cm;7cm
|stigma lobe coloration=white
|stigma lobe count=2;7
|stigma lobe some measurement=1mm;3mm
|subcentral spine atypical count=5;10
|subcentral spine count=1;5
|taproot height or length or size=short
|tip coloration=dark;gray;black
|tubercle arrangement=adjacent
|tubercle fragility=stiff
|tubercle length=3.5mm;12mm
|tubercle width=2.5mm;6mm
}}<!--

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