View source for Cissus trifoliata

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Cissus trifoliata
|accepted_authority=(Linnaeus) Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Syst. Nat. ed.
|place=10, 2: 897. 1759
|year=1759
}}
|common_names=Marine vine or ivy;sorrell vine;hierba del buey;ivy treebine
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Sicyos trifoliatus
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|publication_title=Sp. Pl.
|publication_place=2: 1013. 1753
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Cissus incisa
|authority=Des Moulins
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Vitaceae;Cissus;Cissus trifoliata
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Vitaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Cissus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Cissus trifoliata]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 12
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 21
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Lianas,</b> stout, scrambling or sprawling over low vegetation or small trees. <b>Branches</b> usually glabrous; branchlets succulent when young, becoming woody, sometimes rooting at nodes; growing tips usually glabrous; tendrils unbranched. <b>Leaves</b> usually 3-foliolate, sometimes simple; petiole usually shorter than blade; blade succulent, broadly ovate to ovate-reniform, 2–8 × 2–7 cm, if simple usually 3-lobed, rarely unlobed, margins coarsely and irregularly toothed, surfaces glabrous; leaflets (compound leaves) ovate to oblong. <b>Flowers</b> greenish, greenish yellow, whitish, or purplish. <b>Berries</b> black to blue-black, 6–12 mm diam.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering late Apr–Jun; fruiting Aug–Sep.
|habitat=Rocky wooded hillsides, stream banks, prairie ravines, glades, bluffs, chaparral, coastal hammocks and dunes, maritime woodlands, shell mounds in salt marshes, roadsides, waste places.
|elevation=0–2000 m.
|distribution=Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Fla.;Ga.;Kans.;La.;Miss.;Mo.;N.Mex.;Okla.;Tex.;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;n South America.
|discussion=<p>Many previous authors treated <i>Cissus</i> incisa and <i>C. trifoliata</i> as distinct species, but the characters used to separate them (size of leaflets, branching patterns of cymes, and berry shape) appear to intergrade abundantly, particularly in Florida, where their geographical ranges overlap. It appears that much of the basis for separating these two species is geographical distribution and habitat, with <i>C. trifoliata</i> being chiefly coastal and tropical and C. incisa being chiefly subtropical and temperate continental. Some authors (for example, R. P. Wunderlin 1982; R. K. Godfrey 1988; J. A. Lombardi 2000) therefore have treated C. incisa as a synonym of <i>C. trifoliata</i>, a conclusion that is followed here.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Cissus trifoliata
|authority=(Linnaeus) Linnaeus
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Cissus incisa
|basionyms=Sicyos trifoliatus
|family=Vitaceae
|phenology=Flowering late Apr–Jun; fruiting Aug–Sep.
|habitat=Rocky wooded hillsides, stream banks, prairie ravines, glades, bluffs, chaparral, coastal hammocks and dunes, maritime woodlands, shell mounds in salt marshes, roadsides, waste places.
|elevation=0–2000 m.
|distribution=Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Fla.;Ga.;Kans.;La.;Miss.;Mo.;N.Mex.;Okla.;Tex.;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;n South America.
|reference=None
|publication title=Syst. Nat. ed.
|publication year=1759
|special status=Illustrated
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V12/V12_206.xml
|genus=Cissus
|species=Cissus trifoliata
}}<!--

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