View source for Centaurea nigra

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Centaurea nigra
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 911. 1753
|year=1753
}}
|common_names=Black knapweed;lesser knapweed;centaurée noire
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Centaurea jacea subsp. nigra
|authority=(Linnaeus) Bonnier & Layens
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Centaurea nemoralis
|authority=Jordan
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Cardueae;Centaurea;Centaurea nigra
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Cardueae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Centaurea]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Centaurea nigra]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=page 184, 186, 188, 189
|treatment_page=page 187
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Perennials,</b> 30–150 cm. <b>Stems</b> 1–few, erect or ascending, openly branched distally, villous to scabrous with septate hairs and loosely tomentose, ± glabrate. <b>Leaves</b>: basal and proximal cauline petiolate, blades oblanceolate or elliptic, 5–25 cm, margins entire or shallowly dentate to irregularly pinnately lobed; distal cauline sessile, not decurrent, gradually smaller, blades linear to lanceolate, entire or dentate. <b>Heads</b> discoid, in few-headed corymbiform arrays, borne on leafy-bracted peduncles. <b>Involucres</b> ovoid to campanulate or hemispheric, 15–18 mm, usually ± as wide as high. <b>Principal</b> phyllaries: bodies lanceolate to ovate, loosely tomentose or glabrous, bases usually ± concealed by expanded appendages, appendages erect, overlapping, dark brown to black, flat, margins pectinately dissected into numerous wiry lobes. <b>Inner</b> phyllaries: tips truncate, irregularly dentate or lobed. <b>Florets</b> 40–100+, all fertile; corollas purple (rarely white), 15–18 mm. <b>Cypselae</b> tan, 2.5–3 mm, finely hairy; pappi of many blackish, unequal, sometimes deciduous bristles 0.5–1 mm. <b>2n</b> = 22, 44.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering summer–fall (Jun–Oct).
|habitat=Roadsides, fields, clearings, waste areas
|elevation=0–300 m
|distribution=St. Pierre and Miquelon;B.C.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Calif.;Conn.;Del.;Idaho;Ill.;Iowa;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Mo.;Mont.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Europe.
|discussion=<p>Black knapweed is listed as a noxious weed in Colorado and Washington.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=ockendon1969a
|text=Ockendon, D. L., S. M. Walters, and T. P. Whiffen. 1969. Variation within Centaurea nigra. Proc. Bot. Soc. Brit. Isles 7: 549–552.
}}
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Centaurea nigra
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Centaurea jacea subsp. nigra;Centaurea nemoralis
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|phenology=Flowering summer–fall (Jun–Oct).
|habitat=Roadsides, fields, clearings, waste areas
|elevation=0–300 m
|distribution=St. Pierre and Miquelon;B.C.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Calif.;Conn.;Del.;Idaho;Ill.;Iowa;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Mo.;Mont.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Europe.
|introduced=true
|reference=ockendon1969a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1753
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V19_212.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Cardueae
|genus=Centaurea
|species=Centaurea nigra
}}<!--

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