View source for Bryonia alba

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Bryonia alba
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 1012. 1753
|year=1753
}}
|common_names=White bryony
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Cucurbitaceae;Bryonia;Bryonia alba
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cucurbitaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Bryonia]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Bryonia alba]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 6
|mention_page=page 11
|treatment_page=page 12
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Vines </b>monoecious, high-climbing or forming dense mats over vegetation, to 7 m. <b>Leaves</b>: petiole 1.5–3.5 cm; blade hastate to 5-angular, palmately 3–5-lobed, 3–8(–15) × 2–6(–8) cm, lobes ovate to deltate or triangular, central lobe largest, base deeply cordate, margins coarsely dentate to remotely dentate or serrate, surfaces hispidulous to scabrous or pustulate, not white-sericeous abaxially. <b>Flowers</b>: calyx campanulate; sepals recurving, whitish, green-veined, lanceolate, 3.5–5 mm; petals yellowish to greenish white, oblong-ovate, 3–7 mm; stigmas glabrous. <b>Fruits</b> 4–6(–10), black, 0.6–1 cm, peduncles 2–3[–14] cm. <b>Seeds</b> 2–6(–8), 4–5 × 2 mm. <b>2n</b> = 20.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Jun–Aug.
|habitat=Sagebrush, riparian zones, thickets, stream terraces, irrigation ditches, seeps, moist slopes, draws, lawns, roadsides, fencerows, picnic areas, disturbed sites
|elevation=100–1800 m
|distribution=Idaho;Mont.;N.J.;Utah;Wash.;Europe;Asia;introduced also in n;e Europe (Czech Republic;Denmark;Finland;Lithuania;Poland);Pacific Islands (Hawaii).
|discussion=<p><i>Bryonia alba</i> has been naturalized in the United States since the 1880s and may have been introduced through commercial seed trade. A tincture from the roots has been widely used as an effective diuretic. The seeds are dispersed by birds.</p><!--
--><p>As noted by C. Jeffrey (1969), <i>Bryonia alba</i> is monoecious in northern Europe, as it seems consistently to be in the flora area; it is commonly dioecious in the southeastern part of its native range (Macedonia to Turkey and southwestern Russia).</p><!--
--><p>Measurements from relatively few collections suggest that peduncles of <i>Bryonia alba</i> are longer in Europe (4–14 cm) than in North America (2–3 cm).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=novak1995a
|text=Novak, S. J. and R. N. Mack. 1995. Allozyme diversity in the apomictic vine Bryonia alba (Cucurbitaceae): Potential consequences of multiple introductions. Amer. J. Bot. 82: 1153–1162.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=novak2000a
|text=Novak, S. J. and R. N. Mack. 2000. Clonal diversity within and among introduced populations of the apomictic vine Bryonia alba (Cucurbitaceae). Canad. J. Bot. 78: 1469–1481.
}}
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Bryonia alba
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Cucurbitaceae
|phenology=Flowering Jun–Aug.
|habitat=Sagebrush, riparian zones, thickets, stream terraces, irrigation ditches, seeps, moist slopes, draws, lawns, roadsides, fencerows, picnic areas, disturbed sites
|elevation=100–1800 m
|distribution=Idaho;Mont.;N.J.;Utah;Wash.;Europe;Asia;introduced also in n;e Europe (Czech Republic;Denmark;Finland;Lithuania;Poland);Pacific Islands (Hawaii).
|introduced=true
|reference=novak1995a;novak2000a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1753
|special status=Illustrated;Introduced
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V6/V6_11.xml
|genus=Bryonia
|species=Bryonia alba
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Bryonia]]