View source for Listera borealis

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Listera borealis
|accepted_authority=Morong
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Bull. Torrey Bot. Club
|place=20: 31. 1893
|year=1893
}}
|common_names=Northern twayblade
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Neottia borealis
|authority=(Morong) Szlachetko
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Ophrys borealis
|authority=(Morong) Rydberg
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Orchidaceae;Orchidaceae subfam. Epidendroideae;Orchidaceae tribe Neottieae;Orchidaceae (tribe Neottieae) subtribe Limodorinae;Listera;Listera borealis
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Orchidaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Orchidaceae subfam. Epidendroideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Orchidaceae tribe Neottieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subtribe</small>[[Orchidaceae (tribe Neottieae) subtribe Limodorinae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Listera]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Listera borealis]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 26
|mention_page=page 587
|treatment_page=page 590
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>4–26 cm. <b>Stems</b> green, slender to stout, slightly 4-angled, succulent, glabrous. <b>Leaves</b>: blade green to dark bluish green, elliptic, ovate-elliptic, or lanceolate, 1.3–6 × 0.7–3 cm, apex obtuse to rounded. <b>Inflorescences</b> 5–20-flowered, lax, 20–90 mm; floral bracts lanceolate, ovate, or oblong, 1–3 × 0.5–1 mm, apex obtuse; peduncle and rachis glandular-pubescent. <b>Flowers</b> pale green, yellowish green, or bluish green with veins darker green; pedicel filiform, 3.5–7 mm, glandular-pubescent; sepals and petals strongly reflexed away from lip and column; dorsal sepal elliptic-lanceolate to linear-elliptic, 4–6 × 1.5–2.2 mm, apex obtuse to rounded; lateral sepals linear-elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, falcate, 4.5–7 × 1.4–2.3 mm, apex obtuse to rounded; petals linear to linear-oblong, falcate, 4.5–5 × 0.7–1.5 mm, apex obtuse; lip oblong, slightly narrowed in center, base with broadly rounded and bluntly angled divergent auricles, apex slightly dilated, cleft into 2 oblong or semiorbiculate lobes, with apicule in sinus; disc 3-veined, lateral veins branched and purplish, base darker green, with ridge in center, thickened along center, 7–12 × 4.2–6.5 mm, margins ciliate; column arcuate, stout, 3–4 × 1 mm. <b>Capsules</b> ellipsoid, 8 × 5 mm. <b>2n</b> = 56.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Jun–Aug.
|habitat=In moist, rich humus of mossy coniferous or mixed hardwood forests, swamps, often along cold streams fed by melting snow, prefers high acidic soils
|elevation=1500–3000 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;Nunavut;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Colo.;Idaho;Mont.;Oreg.;Utah;Wash.;Wyo.
|discussion=<p>In Japan <i>Listera borealis</i> is replaced by L. yatabei Makino, which is nearly identical except for short basal auricles. <i>Listera borealis</i> and <i>L. auriculata</i> are very similar in overall appearance; the ovaries and pedicels in <i>L. borealis</i> are glandular-pubescent, and in <i>L. auriculata</i> they are glabrous.</p><!--
--><p>Leaves occur three in a whorl in <i>Listera borealis</i> forma trifolia Lepage.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Listera borealis
|authority=Morong
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Neottia borealis;Ophrys borealis
|basionyms=
|family=Orchidaceae
|phenology=Flowering Jun–Aug.
|habitat=In moist, rich humus of mossy coniferous or mixed hardwood forests, swamps, often along cold streams fed by melting snow, prefers high acidic soils
|elevation=1500–3000 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;Nunavut;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Colo.;Idaho;Mont.;Oreg.;Utah;Wash.;Wyo.
|reference=None
|publication title=Bull. Torrey Bot. Club
|publication year=1893
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V26/V26_1203.xml
|subfamily=Orchidaceae subfam. Epidendroideae
|tribe=Orchidaceae tribe Neottieae
|subtribe=Orchidaceae (tribe Neottieae) subtribe Limodorinae
|genus=Listera
|species=Listera borealis
}}<!--

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