View source for Malus fusca

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Malus fusca
|accepted_authority=(Rafinesque) C. K. Schneider
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Ill. Handb. Laubholzk.
|place=1: 723. 1906
|year=1906
}}
|common_names=Oregon or western or Pacific crabapple
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Pyrus fusca
|authority=Rafinesque
|rank=species
|publication_title=Med. Fl.
|publication_place=2: 254. 1830
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Malus diversifolia
|authority=(Bongard) M. Roemer
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=M. fusca var. diversifolia
|authority=(Bongard) C. K. Schneider
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=M. fusca var. levipes
|authority=(Nuttall) C. K. Schneider
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=M. macounii
|authority=Bongard
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=M. rivularis
|authority=Douglas
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=P. diversifolia
|authority=
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=P. rivularis
|authority=
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Rosaceae;Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae;Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae;Malus;Malus fusca
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Rosaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Malus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Malus fusca]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 9
|mention_page=page 472, 473, 477
|treatment_page=page 476
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees,</b> sometimes shrubs, 50–100(–200) dm. <b>Stems</b> (12–)20–30(–40) cm diam.; bark gray to reddish brown, smooth when young, scaly and deeply fissured at maturity; young branches reddish, puberulent when young, becoming reddish brown or gray and glabrous; lateral flowering shoots becoming spurs, 10–30(–50) mm. <b>Buds</b> red-brown, ovoid, 1.5–4 mm, scale margins ciliate. <b>Leaves</b> conduplicate in bud; isomorphic; stipules deciduous, narrowly lanceolate, 1–5 mm, apex acuminate; petiole 10–30 mm, tomentose, glabrescent; blade ovate, sometimes oval, elliptic, or lanceolate, 3–9(–11) × 1–4 cm, base rounded to cuneate, margins unlobed or 3-lobed, serrate to doubly serrate, sometimes serrulate, apex acute or acuminate, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial puberulent. <b>Panicles</b> corymblike; peduncles absent; bracts absent; bracteoles sometimes persistent, filiform, 1–4 mm. <b>Pedicels</b> 15–40 mm, villous or glabrous. <b>Flowers</b> 15–20 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous or tomentose; sepals triangular, 3–6 mm, shorter than tube, apex apiculate, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial hoary-tomentose; petals white, sometimes pink, orbiculate to obovate, (6–)10–15 mm, claws 1.5–2 mm, margins erose or undulate, apex rounded; stamens ca. 20, 4–6 mm, anthers white before dehiscence; styles 3(or 4), connate in proximal 1/3, 6–7 mm, longer than stamens, glabrous. <b>Pomes</b> yellow to purplish red, oblong, sometimes ovoid or obovoid, 6–10(–13) mm diam., cores enclosed at apex; sepals deciduous, sometimes tardily; sclereids abundant surrounding core. <b>Seeds</b> reddish brown. <b>2n</b> = 34.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Apr–early Jul; fruiting Jun–Nov.
|habitat=Moist, open places, open Sitka spruce forests, forest edges, beach edges, sea cliffs, swamps, bogs, brackish marshes, clearings
|elevation=0–600 m
|distribution=B.C.;Alaska;Calif.;Oreg.;Wash.
|discussion=<p><i>Malus fusca</i> is tolerant of occasional exposure to salt water. The dry flesh of the fruit is edible, and while tart, becomes sweeter with time. The bark was prepared as medicine by western coastal Native Americans.</p><!--
--><p><i>Malus fusca</i> is a western North American apple species that is morphologically and phylogenetically closer to Asian species than to eastern North American ones (E. E. Dickson 1995). The species hybridizes in Oregon and Washington with the cultivated apple, <i>M. pumila</i> (P. F. Zika 2004), and the hybrid is M. ×dawsoniana Rehder. Similar in habit and bark to <i>M. fusca</i>, the hybrid differs by its larger flowers and larger elliptic-oblong or obovate-oblong, (4 or)5-loculed fruit with a persistent calyx. It differs from <i>M. prunifolia</i> by its corymblike inflorescences and the pome lacking swollen sepals.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Malus fusca
|authority=(Rafinesque) C. K. Schneider
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Malus diversifolia;M. fusca var. diversifolia;M. fusca var. levipes;M. macounii;M. rivularis;P. diversifolia;P. rivularis
|basionyms=Pyrus fusca
|family=Rosaceae
|phenology=Flowering Apr–early Jul; fruiting Jun–Nov.
|habitat=Moist, open places, open Sitka spruce forests, forest edges, beach edges, sea cliffs, swamps, bogs, brackish marshes, clearings
|elevation=0–600 m
|distribution=B.C.;Alaska;Calif.;Oreg.;Wash.
|reference=None
|publication title=Ill. Handb. Laubholzk.
|publication year=1906
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V9/V9_802.xml
|subfamily=Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae
|tribe=Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae
|genus=Malus
|species=Malus fusca
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Malus]]