View source for Pinus contorta

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Pinus contorta
|accepted_authority=Douglas ex Loudon
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Arbor. Frutic. Brit.
|place=4: 2292, figs. 2210, 2211. 1838
|year=1838
}}
|common_names=Lodgepole pine
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Pinaceae;Pinus;Pinus contorta
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Pinaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Pinus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Pinus contorta]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 2
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs </b>or trees to 50m; trunk to 0.9m diam., straight to contorted; crown various according to genetic race. <b>Bark</b> brown to gray- or red-brown, platy to furrowed. <b>Lower</b> branches often descending, the upper spreading or ascending. <b>Twigs</b> slender, orange to red-brown, aging darker brown, rough. <b>Buds</b> narrowly to broadly ovoid, dark red-brown, to 1.2cm, slightly resinous. <b>Leaves</b> 2 per fascicle, spreading or ascending, persisting 3–8 years, 2–8cm × 0.7–2(–3)mm, twisted, yellow-green to dark green, all surfaces with fine stomatal lines, margins finely serrulate, apex blunt to acute or narrowly acuminate; sheath 0.3–0.6(–1)cm, persistent. <b>Pollen</b> cones ellipsoid to cylindric, 5–15mm, orange-red. <b>Seed</b> cones maturing in 2 years or variably serotinous, variably persistent, spreading to reflexed, often curved, nearly symmetric or variably asymmetric, lanceoloid to ovoid before opening, broadly ovoid to nearly globose when open, 2–6cm, tan to pale red-brown, lustrous, nearly sessile or on stalks to 1cm; apophyses nearly rhombic, variously elongate, cross-keeled, often mammillate toward outer cone base and on inside above middle; umbo central, depressed-triangular, prickle barely elongate to stubby or slender and to 6mm. <b>Seeds</b> compressed, obovoid; body ca. 5mm, red-brown, mottled with black, or all black; wing 10–14mm. <b>2n</b> =24 (variety not indicated).</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;N.W.T.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Calif.;Colo.;Idaho;Mont.;Nev.;Oreg.;S.Dak.;Utah;Wash.;Wyo.;only in the flora.
|discussion=<p><i>Pinus contorta</i> is fire successional over most of its range and is characterized by prolific seeding and high seed viability in disturbed habitats, often resulting in extremely slow-growing, overly dense stands. Some authors consider it to consist of 4 races; these have been given various infraspecific ranks, but perhaps they are more conventionally treated as 3 varieties.</p><!--
--><p>Varieties 3.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves 2-7 cm × 0.7-0.9(-1.1) mm, dark green; mature trunk with bark evidently furrowed; seed cones strongly asymmetric, strongly recurved, persistent or variously serotinous.
|[[Pinus contorta var. contorta|Pinus contorta var. contorta]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves (4-)5-8 cm × (0.7-)1-2(-3) mm, yellow-green; mature trunk with bark not evidently furrowed; seed cones asymmetric to nearly symmetric, recurved to spreading, variously serotinous or soon shed.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Seed cones asymmetric, recurved, variously serotinous, long-persistent; mid and lower apophyses mostly much domed; main branches mostly horizontally spreading, not ascending at tip.
|[[Pinus contorta var. latifolia|Pinus contorta var. latifolia]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Seed cones nearly symmetric, mostly spreading, not serotinous, not persistent; mid and lower apophyses mostly shallowly domed; main branches ascending at tips.
|[[Pinus contorta var. murrayana|Pinus contorta var. murrayana]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Pinus contorta
|authority=Douglas ex Loudon
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Pinaceae
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;N.W.T.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Calif.;Colo.;Idaho;Mont.;Nev.;Oreg.;S.Dak.;Utah;Wash.;Wyo.;only in the flora.
|reference=None
|publication title=Arbor. Frutic. Brit.
|publication year=1838
|special status=
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V2/V2_273.xml
|genus=Pinus
|species=Pinus contorta
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Pinus]]