View source for Magnolia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Magnolia
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 535. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed. 5
|place=240. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Kobus
|authority=Nieuwland
|rank=genus
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Tulipastrum
|authority=Spach
|rank=genus
}}
|hierarchy=Magnoliaceae;Magnolia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Magnoliaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Magnolia]]</div></div>
|etymology=For Pierre Magnol (1638-1715), professor and director of the botanical garden at Montpellier, France
|volume=Volume 3
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees </b>or shrubs, deciduous or evergreen. <b>Pith</b> homogeneous or diaphragmed. <b>Leaves</b> distinctly alternate or sometimes crowded in terminal whorl-like clusters; stipules early deciduous, free or adnate to and proximal on petiole. <b>Leaf</b> blade: base deeply cordate or auriculate or cuneate to abruptly narrowed or rounded, margins entire, apex obtuse or acute to acuminate; surfaces abaxially chalky white or green to glaucous, pubescent or glabrous. <b>Flowers</b> protogynous, appearing with or before leaves; tepals 9-15, petaloid, usually spreading, creamy white, rarely greenish, yellow, or orange-yellow, outermost tepals sepaloid, sometimes strongly reflexed, greenish; stamens on elongate torus, early deciduous; filaments white or purple, very short; anthers introrse or latrorse. <b>Follicles</b> persistent, coalescent, forming conelike aggregate, abaxially dehiscent. <b>Seeds</b> with red, pink, or orange oily aril, extruded from follicles and suspended by funiculi. <b>x</b>=19.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Temperate and tropical regions;Western Hemisphere;Asia (Himalayas;China;Japan;Taiwan;Malaysia;and Indonesia).
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 120 (8 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>All species of <i>Magnolia</i> in the flora are cultivated. Many of the Asiatic taxa are also grown in the flora area. Numerous hybrids and cultivars from those taxa have been introduced to horticulture.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=callaway1994a
|text=Callaway, D.J. 1994. The World of Magnolias. Portland.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=coker1943a
|text=Coker, W.C. 1943. Magnolia cordata Michaux. J.Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 59: 81-88.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=dandy-a
|text=Dandy, J.E. Notes on Magnolia and related genera. Unpublished manuscript. Botany Department, The Natural History Museum. London.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=heiser1962a
|text=Heiser, C.B. 1962. Some observations on pollination and compatibility in Magnolia. Proc. Indiana Acad. Sci. 72: 259-266.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=johnson1989a
|text=Johnson, D.L. 1989. Species and Cultivars of the Genus Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) Cultivated in the United States. M.S. thesis. Cornell University.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=johnson1989b
|text=Johnson, D.L. 1989b. Nomenclatural changes in Magnolia. Baileya 23(1): 55-56.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=mcdaniel1966a
|text=McDaniel, J.C. 1966. Variations in the sweet bay magnolias. Morris Arbor. Bull. 17(1): 7-12.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=millais1927a
|text=Millais, J.G. 1927. Magnolias. London.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=rockwell1966a
|text=Rockwell, H.C. 1966. The Genus Magnolia in the United States. M.S. thesis. West Virginia University.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=santamour1969a
|text=Santamour, F.S.Jr. 1969b. Cytology of Magnolia hybrids. I. Morris Arbor. Bull. 20(4): 63-65.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=thien1974a
|text=Thien, L.B. 1974. Floral biology of Magnolia. Amer. J. Bot. 61(10): 1037-1045.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=thien1975a
|text=Thien, L.B., W.H. Heimermann, and R.T. Holman. 1975. Floral odors and quantitative taxonomy of Magnolia and Liriodendron. Taxon 24(5/6): 557-568.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=tobe1993a
|text=Tobe, J.D. 1993. A Molecular Systematic Study of Eastern North American Species of Magnolia L. Ph.D. thesis. Clemson University.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=treseder1978a
|text=Treseder, N.G. 1978. Magnolias. Boston.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=vazquez-g1990a
|text=Vázquez-G., J.A. 1990. Taxonomy of the Genus Magnolia in Mexico and Central America. M.S. thesis. University of Wisconsin.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=vazquez-g1994a
|text=Vázquez-G., J.A. 1994. Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) in Mexico and Central America: A synopsis. Brittonia 46(1): 1-23.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf blade deeply cordate to auriculate at base.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf blade cuneate to abruptly narrowed or rounded at base.
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaf blade abaxially chalky white, sometimes pale green to glaucous, pubescent; foliar buds, twigs, and follicles pubescent.
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaf blade abaxially green or glaucous, glabrous; foliar buds, twigs, and follicles glabrous.
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Trees to 32m; flowers solitary; follicetums globose-ovoid, 5–8 × 5–7cm; leaf blade 50–110cm; stamens (300–)350–580; pistils 50–80.
|[[Magnolia macrophylla|Magnolia macrophylla]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Trees to 12m; flowers solitary or often paired; follicetums cylindric to nearly ovoid, 2.5–6.5 × 1.5–4cm; leaf blade 17–56cm; stamens 170–350; pistils 20–50.
|[[Magnolia ashei|Magnolia ashei]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Leaf blade rhombic-obovate to obovate-spatulate or oblanceolate, usually more than 25cm, gradually tapered from broadest part to base; stamens 100–200, 8–14mm; follicetums 5.5–10 × 2.5–5cm.
|[[Magnolia fraseri|Magnolia fraseri]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Leaf blade predominantly pandurate to broadly rhombic-spatulate, usually less than 25cm, abruptly tapered from broadest part to base; stamens 83–137(–150), 4.5–8(–10.5)mm; follicetums 4–6 × 2.5–3.5cm.
|[[Magnolia pyramidata|Magnolia pyramidata]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Leaf blade abaxially chalky white to glaucous, glabrous or silky-pubescent, somewhat leathery.
|[[Magnolia virginiana|Magnolia virginiana]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Leaf blade abaxially green to red-brown, glabrous, felted, or pilose, thin- to thick-leathery or not leathery.
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Trees evergreen; leaf blade thick-leathery, abaxially glabrous or red-brown felted, adaxially lustrous green; flowers 15–30(–45)cm across, strongly lemony fragrant.
|[[Magnolia grandiflora|Magnolia grandiflora]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Trees deciduous; leaf blade thin, not leathery, abaxially pale green to whitish, glabrous or pilose, adaxially green; flowers 5.5–11cm across, malodorous or aromatic.
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Leaves usually in terminal whorl-like clusters; leaf blade cuneate to long-tapered at base; flowers malodorous, 5.5–11cm across; tepals creamy white, 8–12cm, spreading, outermost tepals reflexed, greenish; follicetums 6–10 × 2–3.5cm; follicles long-beaked.
|[[Magnolia tripetala|Magnolia tripetala]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Leaves not in whorl-like clusters; leaf blade cuneate to truncate or rounded, slightly oblique at base; flowers aromatic, 6–9cm across; tepals greenish, glaucous, occasionally yellow to orange-yellow, usually less than 8cm, erect, outermost tepals reflexed, greenish; follicetums 2–7 × 0.8–2.7cm; follicles short-beaked.
|[[Magnolia acuminata|Magnolia acuminata]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Magnolia
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=Kobus;Tulipastrum
|basionyms=
|family=Magnoliaceae
|distribution=Temperate and tropical regions;Western Hemisphere;Asia (Himalayas;China;Japan;Taiwan;Malaysia;and Indonesia).
|reference=callaway1994a;coker1943a;dandy-a;heiser1962a;johnson1989a;johnson1989b;mcdaniel1966a;millais1927a;rockwell1966a;santamour1969a;thien1974a;thien1975a;tobe1993a;treseder1978a;vazquez-g1990a;vazquez-g1994a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed. 5
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_1153.xml
|genus=Magnolia
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Magnoliaceae]]