Difference between revisions of "Acanthospermum"
Pl. Rar. Hort. Monac. 2: plate 53. 1820.
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|distribution=mostly tropical to warm-temperate New World;also introduced in Old World. | |distribution=mostly tropical to warm-temperate New World;also introduced in Old World. | ||
| + | |introduced=true | ||
|discussion=<p>Species 6 (3 in the flora).</p> | |discussion=<p>Species 6 (3 in the flora).</p> | ||
|tables= | |tables= | ||
| − | |references= | + | |references={{Treatment/Reference |
| + | |id=blake1921a | ||
| + | |text=Blake, S. F. 1921. Revision of the genus Acanthospermum. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20: 383–392. | ||
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|distribution=mostly tropical to warm-temperate New World;also introduced in Old World. | |distribution=mostly tropical to warm-temperate New World;also introduced in Old World. | ||
|introduced=true | |introduced=true | ||
| − | |reference= | + | |reference=blake1921a |
|publication title=Pl. Rar. Hort. Monac. | |publication title=Pl. Rar. Hort. Monac. | ||
|publication year=1820 | |publication year=1820 | ||
|special status= | |special status= | ||
| − | |source xml=https:// | + | |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V21_70.xml |
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae | |tribe=Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae | ||
|subtribe=Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Melampodiinae | |subtribe=Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Melampodiinae | ||
Latest revision as of 21:13, 5 November 2020
Annuals (sometimes persisting), 10–60(–120) cm. Stems erect to ± prostrate (repeatedly “forked”). Leaves cauline; opposite; petiolate or ± sessile; blades mostly elliptic to deltate, rhombic, or ovate, sometimes lyrate, ultimate margins entire or toothed, faces usually pilosulous to sericeous or scabrellous, sometimes glabrate or glabrescent, usually gland-dotted. Heads radiate, 1(–3) in “forks” of branches (terminal, appearing axillary by sympodial growth). Involucres ± hemispheric, 3–5 mm diam. (becoming ± rotate in fruit). Phyllaries persistent (outer) or falling, 10–13 in 2 series (outer 4–6 herbaceous, inner 5–8 each investing a ray ovary, enlarging in fruit to form a perigynium, shed with enclosed cypsela). Receptacles convex, paleate (paleae cuneate to spatulate, ± conduplicate or flattish, membranous). Ray florets 5–8, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellowish (tubes shorter than to equaling laminae, laminae ovate to elliptic or linear). Disc florets 3–8(–12+), functionally staminate; corollas yellowish, tubes shorter than funnelform or campanulate throats, lobes 5, deltate. Cypselae each enclosed within and shed with an often hardened, ± prickly perigynium (the ultimate “fruits” plumply ellipsoid to fusiform, or ± compressed); pappi 0 or rudimentary. x = 11.
Distribution
Introduced; mostly tropical to warm-temperate New World, also introduced in Old World.
Discussion
Species 6 (3 in the flora).
Selected References
Key
| 1 | Fruits 7–9+ mm, 5–7-ribbed, terminal spines 0 | Acanthospermum australe |
| 1 | Fruits 2–6 mm, 3-ribbed or not notably ribbed, terminal spines 2 | > 2 |
| 2 | Leaf blades rhombic-ovate to obovate, (20–)40–120(–150+) mm; fruits not notably ribbed, prickles ± scattered | Acanthospermum hispidum |
| 2 | Leaf blades ovate to lyrate, 10–30(–45) mm; fruits usually 3-ribbed, prickles mostly along 2 ribs and around apices | Acanthospermum humile |