View source for Brassica nigra

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Brassica nigra
|accepted_authority=(Linnaeus) W. D. J. Koch
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=in J. C. Röhling, Deutschl. Fl. ed.
|place=3, 4: 713. 1833
|year=1833
}}
|common_names=Black mustard
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=W
|label=Weedy
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Sinapis nigra
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|publication_title=Sp. Pl.
|publication_place=2: 668. 1753
}}
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Brassicaceae;Brassicaceae tribe Brassiceae;Brassica;Brassica nigra
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Brassicaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Brassicaceae tribe Brassiceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Brassica]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Brassica nigra]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 7
|mention_page=page 420, 423, 437, 442
|treatment_page=page 422
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties="">Annuals; sparsely to densely hirsute-hispid (at least basally, proximally rarely subglabrate). <b>Stems</b> usually branched distally, (widely spreading), 3–20 dm. <b>Basal</b> leaves: petiole to 10 cm; blade lyrate-pinnatifid to sinuate-lobed, 6–30 cm × 10–100 mm, lobes 1–3 each side, (smaller than terminal, terminal lobe ovate, obtuse). <b>Cauline</b> leaves sessile or subsessile; blade (ovate-elliptic to lanceolate, similar to basal, reduced distally and less divided), base tapered, not auriculate or amplexicaul, (margins entire to sinuate-serrate). <b>Racemes</b> not paniculately branched. <b>Fruiting</b> pedicels erect (straight), (2–)3–5(–6) mm. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals 4–6(–7) × 1–1.5 mm; petals yellow, ovate, 7–11(–13) × (2.5–)3–4.5(–5.5) mm, claw 3–6 mm, apex rounded; filaments 3.5–5 mm; anthers 1–1.5 mm. <b>Fruits</b> erect-ascending (± appressed to rachis), smooth, ± 4-angled, 1–2.5(–2.7) cm × (1.5–)2–3(–4) mm; valvular segment 2–5(–8)-seeded per locule, (0.4–)0.8–2(–2.5) cm, terminal segment seedless (linear, narrow), (1–)2–5(–6) mm. <b>Seeds</b> brown to black, 1.2–1.5(–2) mm diam.; seed coat coarsely reticulate, minutely alveolate, not mucilaginous when wetted. <b>2n</b> = 16.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Apr–Sep.
|habitat=Roadsides, disturbed areas, waste places, fields, orchards
|elevation=0-1500 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Ala.;Alaska;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Europe;Asia;Africa;introduced also in Mexico;Central America;South America;Atlantic Islands;Australia.
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p><i>Brassica nigra</i> is widely cultivated as a condiment mustard. It is also a cosmopolitan weed especially common in the valleys of California (R. C. Rollins 1993). It occurs only sporadically in southern Canada but most frequently in Ontario and along the St. Lawrence River. Specimens from Alberta, Arkansas, Delaware, and South Carolina have not been observed.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Brassica nigra
|authority=(Linnaeus) W. D. J. Koch
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=Sinapis nigra
|family=Brassicaceae
|phenology=Flowering Apr–Sep.
|habitat=Roadsides, disturbed areas, waste places, fields, orchards
|elevation=0-1500 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Ala.;Alaska;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Europe;Asia;Africa;introduced also in Mexico;Central America;South America;Atlantic Islands;Australia.
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=in J. C. Röhling, Deutschl. Fl. ed.
|publication year=1833
|special status=Weedy;Introduced
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V7/V7_623.xml
|tribe=Brassicaceae tribe Brassiceae
|genus=Brassica
|species=Brassica nigra
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Brassica]]