Difference between revisions of "Carya tomentosa"
Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 221. 1818.
Common names: Mockernut hickory
EndemicIllustrated
Basionym: Juglans tomentosa Poiret in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. 4: 504. 1798
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.
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| − | |basionyms={{Treatment/ID/ | + | |basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym |
|name=Juglans tomentosa | |name=Juglans tomentosa | ||
|authority=Poiret | |authority=Poiret | ||
| + | |rank=species | ||
| + | |publication_title=in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. | ||
| + | |publication_place=4: 504. 1798 | ||
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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees,</b> to 36 m. <b>Bark</b> dark gray, fissured or ridged. <b>Twigs</b> reddish brown, stout, hirsute and scaly. <b>Terminal</b> buds tan (after early loss of outer scales), broadly ovoid, 8-20 mm, tomentose; bud scales imbricate; axillary buds protected by bracteoles fused into hood. <b>Leaves</b> 3-5 dm; petiole 3-12 cm, petiole and rachis hirsute, with conspicuous large and small round peltate scales. <b>Leaflets</b> (5-)7-9, lateral petiolules 0-2 mm, terminal petiolules 2-13 mm; blades ovate to elliptic or obovate, not falcate, 4-19 × 2-8 cm, margins finely to coarsely serrate, apex acute, rarely acuminate; surfaces abaxially hirsute with unicellular, 2-8-rayed fasciculate and multiradiate hairs, and with large and small round peltate scales abundant, adaxially hirsute along midrib and major veins, puberulent with fasciculate hairs and scales in spring. <b>Staminate</b> catkins pedunculate, to 14 cm, stalks and bracts hirsute, scaly, apex of each bract with coarse hairs; anthers hirsute. <b>Fruits</b> reddish brown, finely mottled, spheric to ellipsoid or obovoid, not compressed to compressed, 3-5 × 3-5 cm; husks rough, 4-10 mm thick, dehiscing to middle or nearly to base, sutures smooth; nuts tan, spheric to ellipsoid, compressed, prominently to faintly 4-angled, rugulose; shells thick. <b>Seeds</b> sweet. <b>2n</b> = 64.</span><!-- |
-->{{Treatment/Body | -->{{Treatment/Body | ||
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|elevation=0-900 m | |elevation=0-900 m | ||
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Conn.;Del.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Md.;Mass.;Miss.;Mo.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;W.Va. | |distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Conn.;Del.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Md.;Mass.;Miss.;Mo.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;W.Va. | ||
| − | |discussion=<p>Both the mockernut hickory and the shagbark hickory were formerly known as Carya alba (Linnaeus) K. Koch [or Hicoria alba (Linnaeus) Britton], based on Juglans alba of Linnaeus. A. J. Rehder (1945) pointed out that the original circumscription included two taxa, and C. alba (J. alba) should therefore be rejected as ambiguous in favor of C. tomentosa and C. ovata, respectively.</p><!-- | + | |discussion=<p>Both the mockernut hickory and the shagbark hickory were formerly known as <i>Carya</i> alba (Linnaeus) K. Koch [or Hicoria alba (Linnaeus) Britton], based on <i>Juglans</i> alba of Linnaeus. A. J. Rehder (1945) pointed out that the original circumscription included two taxa, and C. alba (J. alba) should therefore be rejected as ambiguous in favor of <i>C. tomentosa</i> and <i>C. ovata</i>, respectively.</p><!-- |
| − | --><p>Carya tomentosa hybridizes with C. texana (C. ×collina Laughlin) and is reported to hybridize with the diploid C. illinoinensis (C. ×schneckii Sargent).</p><!-- | + | --><p><i>Carya tomentosa</i> hybridizes with <i>C. texana</i> (C. ×collina Laughlin) and is reported to hybridize with the diploid <i>C. illinoinensis</i> (C. ×schneckii Sargent).</p><!-- |
| − | --><p>Cherokee Indians used Carya tomentosa medicinally as an analgesic, especially as an aid for polio, and as an oral and a cold aid; the Delaware, as a gynecological aid and a tonic (D. E. Moerman 1986).</p> | + | --><p>Cherokee Indians used <i>Carya tomentosa</i> medicinally as an analgesic, especially as an aid for polio, and as an oral and a cold aid; the Delaware, as a gynecological aid and a tonic (D. E. Moerman 1986).</p> |
|tables= | |tables= | ||
|references= | |references= | ||
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name=Carya tomentosa | name=Carya tomentosa | ||
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|authority=(Poiret) Nuttall | |authority=(Poiret) Nuttall | ||
|rank=species | |rank=species | ||
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|publication title=Gen. N. Amer. Pl. | |publication title=Gen. N. Amer. Pl. | ||
|publication year=1818 | |publication year=1818 | ||
| − | |special status=Endemic; | + | |special status=Endemic;Illustrated |
| − | |source xml=https:// | + | |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_921.xml |
|genus=Carya | |genus=Carya | ||
|species=Carya tomentosa | |species=Carya tomentosa | ||
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Latest revision as of 22:52, 5 November 2020
Trees, to 36 m. Bark dark gray, fissured or ridged. Twigs reddish brown, stout, hirsute and scaly. Terminal buds tan (after early loss of outer scales), broadly ovoid, 8-20 mm, tomentose; bud scales imbricate; axillary buds protected by bracteoles fused into hood. Leaves 3-5 dm; petiole 3-12 cm, petiole and rachis hirsute, with conspicuous large and small round peltate scales. Leaflets (5-)7-9, lateral petiolules 0-2 mm, terminal petiolules 2-13 mm; blades ovate to elliptic or obovate, not falcate, 4-19 × 2-8 cm, margins finely to coarsely serrate, apex acute, rarely acuminate; surfaces abaxially hirsute with unicellular, 2-8-rayed fasciculate and multiradiate hairs, and with large and small round peltate scales abundant, adaxially hirsute along midrib and major veins, puberulent with fasciculate hairs and scales in spring. Staminate catkins pedunculate, to 14 cm, stalks and bracts hirsute, scaly, apex of each bract with coarse hairs; anthers hirsute. Fruits reddish brown, finely mottled, spheric to ellipsoid or obovoid, not compressed to compressed, 3-5 × 3-5 cm; husks rough, 4-10 mm thick, dehiscing to middle or nearly to base, sutures smooth; nuts tan, spheric to ellipsoid, compressed, prominently to faintly 4-angled, rugulose; shells thick. Seeds sweet. 2n = 64.
Phenology: Flowering spring.
Habitat: Well-drained sandy soils, rolling hills and rocky hillsides, occasionally on limestone outcrops
Elevation: 0-900 m
Distribution
Ala., Ark., Conn., Del., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Md., Mass., Miss., Mo., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va., W.Va.
Discussion
Both the mockernut hickory and the shagbark hickory were formerly known as Carya alba (Linnaeus) K. Koch [or Hicoria alba (Linnaeus) Britton], based on Juglans alba of Linnaeus. A. J. Rehder (1945) pointed out that the original circumscription included two taxa, and C. alba (J. alba) should therefore be rejected as ambiguous in favor of C. tomentosa and C. ovata, respectively.
Carya tomentosa hybridizes with C. texana (C. ×collina Laughlin) and is reported to hybridize with the diploid C. illinoinensis (C. ×schneckii Sargent).
Cherokee Indians used Carya tomentosa medicinally as an analgesic, especially as an aid for polio, and as an oral and a cold aid; the Delaware, as a gynecological aid and a tonic (D. E. Moerman 1986).
Selected References
None.
Lower Taxa
None.