Difference between revisions of "Chionophila"
in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 10: 331. 1846.
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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> perennial; caude× woody or herbaceous. <b>Stems</b> erect, glabrous or puberulent. <b>Leaves</b> basal and cauline, cauline smaller, opposite, sometimes alternate distally; petiole present or absent; blade not fleshy, ± leathery or not, margins entire. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal, spikelike, secund racemes; bracts present. <b>Pedicels</b> present or absent; bracteoles absent. <b>Flowers</b> bisexual; sepals 5, proximally connate, | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> perennial; caude× woody or herbaceous. <b>Stems</b> erect, glabrous or puberulent. <b>Leaves</b> basal and cauline, cauline smaller, opposite, sometimes alternate distally; petiole present or absent; blade not fleshy, ± leathery or not, margins entire. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal, spikelike, secund racemes; bracts present. <b>Pedicels</b> present or absent; bracteoles absent. <b>Flowers</b> bisexual; sepals 5, proximally connate, calyx radially symmetric, cylindric to funnelform, lobes triangular to narrowly ovate; corolla greenish white, creamy white, or pale lavender, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate, tubular-funnelform, tube base not spurred or gibbous, throat not densely pilose internally, lobes 5, abaxial 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, proximally adnate to corolla, didynamous, filaments glabrous; staminode 1, ± filiform; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma capitate. <b>Fruits</b> capsules, dehiscence septicidal. <b>Seeds</b> 10–20, tan or brown, ellipsoid to fusiform or ellipsoid-disciform, wings present. <b>x</b> = 8.</span><!-- |
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|distribution=w United States. | |distribution=w United States. | ||
|discussion=<p>Species 2 (2 in the flora).</p><!-- | |discussion=<p>Species 2 (2 in the flora).</p><!-- | ||
| − | --><p><i>Chionophila</i> shares morphological similarities with <i>Penstemon</i>, most notably an epistaminal nectary of glandular hairs. Both have a base chromosome number of eight. R. M. Straw (1966) hypothesized that they are sister taxa. Relationships among genera in Cheloneae remain equivocal (A. D. Wolfe et al. 1997, 2002, 2006; S. L. Datwyler and Wolfe 2004). <i>Chionophila</i> is distinguished from <i>Penstemon</i> by a more prominent | + | --><p><i>Chionophila</i> shares morphological similarities with <i>Penstemon</i>, most notably an epistaminal nectary of glandular hairs. Both have a base chromosome number of eight. R. M. Straw (1966) hypothesized that they are sister taxa. Relationships among genera in Cheloneae remain equivocal (A. D. Wolfe et al. 1997, 2002, 2006; S. L. Datwyler and Wolfe 2004). <i>Chionophila</i> is distinguished from <i>Penstemon</i> by a more prominent calyx tube, spikelike racemes, prominently winged seeds, and absence of bracteoles.</p> |
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|-id=key-0-1 | |-id=key-0-1 | ||
|1 | |1 | ||
| − | |Verticillasters continuous; | + | |Verticillasters continuous; calyx tubes 8–9 mm. |
|[[Chionophila jamesii|Chionophila jamesii]] | |[[Chionophila jamesii|Chionophila jamesii]] | ||
|-id=key-0-1 | |-id=key-0-1 | ||
|1 | |1 | ||
| − | |Verticillasters interrupted; | + | |Verticillasters interrupted; calyx tubes 1–2 mm. |
|[[Chionophila tweedyi|Chionophila tweedyi]] | |[[Chionophila tweedyi|Chionophila tweedyi]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
Latest revision as of 23:19, 14 January 2021
Herbs, perennial; caude× woody or herbaceous. Stems erect, glabrous or puberulent. Leaves basal and cauline, cauline smaller, opposite, sometimes alternate distally; petiole present or absent; blade not fleshy, ± leathery or not, margins entire. Inflorescences terminal, spikelike, secund racemes; bracts present. Pedicels present or absent; bracteoles absent. Flowers bisexual; sepals 5, proximally connate, calyx radially symmetric, cylindric to funnelform, lobes triangular to narrowly ovate; corolla greenish white, creamy white, or pale lavender, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate, tubular-funnelform, tube base not spurred or gibbous, throat not densely pilose internally, lobes 5, abaxial 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, proximally adnate to corolla, didynamous, filaments glabrous; staminode 1, ± filiform; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma capitate. Fruits capsules, dehiscence septicidal. Seeds 10–20, tan or brown, ellipsoid to fusiform or ellipsoid-disciform, wings present. x = 8.
Distribution
w United States.
Discussion
Species 2 (2 in the flora).
Chionophila shares morphological similarities with Penstemon, most notably an epistaminal nectary of glandular hairs. Both have a base chromosome number of eight. R. M. Straw (1966) hypothesized that they are sister taxa. Relationships among genera in Cheloneae remain equivocal (A. D. Wolfe et al. 1997, 2002, 2006; S. L. Datwyler and Wolfe 2004). Chionophila is distinguished from Penstemon by a more prominent calyx tube, spikelike racemes, prominently winged seeds, and absence of bracteoles.
Selected References
None.
Lower Taxa
Key
| 1 | Verticillasters continuous; calyx tubes 8–9 mm. | Chionophila jamesii |
| 1 | Verticillasters interrupted; calyx tubes 1–2 mm. | Chionophila tweedyi |