View source for Cochlearia groenlandica

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Cochlearia groenlandica
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 647. 1753
|year=1753
}}
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Cochlearia arctica
|authority=Schlechtendal ex de Candolle
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Cochlearia arctica subsp. oblongifolia
|authority=(de Candolle) V. V. Petrovsky
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Cochlearia fenestrata
|authority=de Candolle
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Cochlearia oblongifolia
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Cochlearia officinalis subsp. arctica
|authority=(Schlechtendal ex de Candolle) Hultén
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Cochlearia officinalis subsp. oblongifolia
|authority=(de Candolle) Hultén
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Cochlearia officinalis var. oblongifolia
|authority=(de Candolle) Gelert
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Cochleariopsis groenlandica
|authority=
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Cochleariopsis groenlandica subsp. oblongifolia
|authority=(de Candolle) Á. Löve & D. Löve
|rank=subspecies
}}
|hierarchy=Brassicaceae;Brassicaceae tribe Cochlearieae;Cochlearia;Cochlearia groenlandica
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Brassicaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Brassicaceae tribe Cochlearieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Cochlearia]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Cochlearia groenlandica]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 7
|mention_page=page 516
|treatment_page=page 515
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Biennials </b>or perennials. <b>Stems</b> usually few to several from base, rarely simple, erect to decumbent, branched distally, (0.1–)0.5–3(–4) dm. <b>Basal</b> leaves rosulate; petiole (0.2–)1–7(–10) cm; blade deltate to ovate, (0.3–)0.7–2(–2.5) cm × (2–)5–20 mm, base cuneate or truncate, margins entire, repand, or obscurely dentate, apex obtuse. <b>Cauline</b> leaves petiolate (shortly petiolate or sessile distally); blade 0.4–2 cm × 1–15 mm, base cuneate (not auriculate), margins entire, repand, or slightly dentate, apex acute. <b>Racemes</b> many-flowered. <b>Fruiting</b> pedicels divaricate to ascending, rarely erect, (2–)5–15(–20) mm. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals ovate or oblong, 1–2(–3) × 0.5–1.5 mm; petals oblanceolate to spatulate, 2–4(–5) × (0.5–)0.8–2(–3) mm; filaments 1–2(–2.5) mm; anthers 0.2–0.3 mm. <b>Fruits</b> ovoid to ellipsoid or obovoid, 3–6(–7) × 2–4(–5) mm, terete or slightly angustiseptate; valves usually not or obscurely reticulate, rarely distinctly so; septum complete or fenestrate; ovules 8–14 per ovary; style 0.1–0.4 mm. <b>Seeds</b> brown, ovoid to subglobose, 1–1.5 × 0.8–1.3 mm, papillate. <b>2n</b> = 14.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Jun–Aug.
|habitat=Tidal flats, beaches, dunes, lagoons, stream banks, seepage, peat hammocks, meadows, herb mats, tundra, maritime rocky beaches and slopes, bare areas of polygons, mud flat bird nesting sites
|elevation=0-100 m
|distribution=Greenland;B.C.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;Nunavut;Que.;Yukon;Alaska;Calif.;Oreg.;Wash.
|discussion=<p>R. C. Rollins (1993) treated the North American plants with 2n = 14 as members of <i>Cochlearia</i> officinalis. That species is a strictly European tetraploid with 2n = 24. In our opinion, plants of the arctic and subarctic <i>C. groenlandica</i> complex represent an evolutionary lineage with x = 7, which is entirely distinct from that including the European <i>C. officinalis</i> and its relatives with x = 6. The systematic relationships of the x = 7 group to the 2n = 14 Icelandic plants of the C. pyrenaica complex are still unresolved.</p><!--
--><p>The North American plants are extremely variable in flower size, petal shape, and fruit shape and size. They are much in need of detailed cytological, morphological, and molecular studies.</p><!--
--><p><i>Cochlearia groenlandica</i> is known in California from nesting areas on off-shore rocks in Del Norte County; in Oregon it occurs on ocean bluffs in Coos and Curry counties (A. Liston, pers. comm.). It appears to be naturally occurring in both states.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Cochlearia groenlandica
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Cochlearia arctica;Cochlearia arctica subsp. oblongifolia;Cochlearia fenestrata;Cochlearia oblongifolia;Cochlearia officinalis subsp. arctica;Cochlearia officinalis subsp. oblongifolia;Cochlearia officinalis var. oblongifolia;Cochleariopsis groenlandica;Cochleariopsis groenlandica subsp. oblongifolia
|basionyms=
|family=Brassicaceae
|phenology=Flowering Jun–Aug.
|habitat=Tidal flats, beaches, dunes, lagoons, stream banks, seepage, peat hammocks, meadows, herb mats, tundra, maritime rocky beaches and slopes, bare areas of polygons, mud flat bird nesting sites
|elevation=0-100 m
|distribution=Greenland;B.C.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;Nunavut;Que.;Yukon;Alaska;Calif.;Oreg.;Wash.
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1753
|special status=Illustrated;Endemic
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V7/V7_810.xml
|tribe=Brassicaceae tribe Cochlearieae
|genus=Cochlearia
|species=Cochlearia groenlandica
}}<!--

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