familyRanunculaceae
genusConsolida
Show Lower Taxa
Difference between revisions of "Consolida"
Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 711. 1821.
Common names: Larkspur
Etymology: Latin consolidatus, to become solid or firm, from reputed ability to heal wounds
Basionym: Delphinium sect. Consolida de Candolle
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.
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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> annual, from slender taproots. <b>Leaves</b> all cauline at anthesis, alternate, proximal leaves petiolate, distal leaves nearly sessile. <b>Leaf</b> blade palmately finely dissected, ±semicircular, lobes less than 2 mm wide (except sometimes on leaves near base of stem), margins entire. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal, 3-45(-75)-flowered racemes, 5-30 cm; bracts leaflike, not forming involucre. <b>Flowers</b> bisexual, bilaterally symmetric; sepals not persistent in fruit, 5; upper sepal 1, spurred, 5-18 mm; lateral sepals 2, elliptic or lanceolate, sometimes spurred, 5-18 mm; lower sepals 2, similar to lateral sepals; petals 2, connate, blue to purple, pink, or white, spurred, spur enclosed in upper sepal, 1-2-lobed, 3-8 mm; nectary on spur; stamens many; filaments with base expanded; staminodes absent between stamens and pistils; pistil 1, simple; ovules several per pistil; style present. <b>Fruits</b> follicles, solitary, sessile, ±cylindric, sides smooth; beak terminal, straight, 1-2 mm. <b>Seeds</b> dark brown to black, obpyramidal to 3-angled. <b>x</b>=8.</span><!-- |
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| − | |distribution=Temperate and subtropical regions;North America;Europe;Africa;Asia;Australia | + | |distribution=Temperate and subtropical regions;North America;Europe;Africa;Asia;Australia. |
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 40 (5 in the flora).</p><!-- | |discussion=<p>Species ca. 40 (5 in the flora).</p><!-- | ||
--><p>All species of Consolida included here are cultivated in North America. Consolida regalis has been reported to self-sow for many years. Inclusion of the other four species is based on herbarium specimens with label data indicating that the specimens were collected from sites not under cultivation at the time.</p> | --><p>All species of Consolida included here are cultivated in North America. Consolida regalis has been reported to self-sow for many years. Inclusion of the other four species is based on herbarium specimens with label data indicating that the specimens were collected from sites not under cultivation at the time.</p> | ||
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|basionyms=Delphinium sect. Consolida | |basionyms=Delphinium sect. Consolida | ||
|family=Ranunculaceae | |family=Ranunculaceae | ||
| − | |distribution=Temperate and subtropical regions;North America;Europe;Africa;Asia;Australia | + | |distribution=Temperate and subtropical regions;North America;Europe;Africa;Asia;Australia. |
|reference=chater1993a;keener1976a;munz1967a;munz1967b | |reference=chater1993a;keener1976a;munz1967a;munz1967b | ||
|publication title=Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. | |publication title=Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. | ||
|publication year=1821 | |publication year=1821 | ||
|special status= | |special status= | ||
| − | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna- | + | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_1038.xml |
|genus=Consolida | |genus=Consolida | ||
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-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Ranunculaceae]] | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Ranunculaceae]] | ||
Revision as of 14:30, 27 July 2019
Herbs, annual, from slender taproots. Leaves all cauline at anthesis, alternate, proximal leaves petiolate, distal leaves nearly sessile. Leaf blade palmately finely dissected, ±semicircular, lobes less than 2 mm wide (except sometimes on leaves near base of stem), margins entire. Inflorescences terminal, 3-45(-75)-flowered racemes, 5-30 cm; bracts leaflike, not forming involucre. Flowers bisexual, bilaterally symmetric; sepals not persistent in fruit, 5; upper sepal 1, spurred, 5-18 mm; lateral sepals 2, elliptic or lanceolate, sometimes spurred, 5-18 mm; lower sepals 2, similar to lateral sepals; petals 2, connate, blue to purple, pink, or white, spurred, spur enclosed in upper sepal, 1-2-lobed, 3-8 mm; nectary on spur; stamens many; filaments with base expanded; staminodes absent between stamens and pistils; pistil 1, simple; ovules several per pistil; style present. Fruits follicles, solitary, sessile, ±cylindric, sides smooth; beak terminal, straight, 1-2 mm. Seeds dark brown to black, obpyramidal to 3-angled. x=8.
Distribution
Temperate and subtropical regions, North America, Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia.
Discussion
Species ca. 40 (5 in the flora).
All species of Consolida included here are cultivated in North America. Consolida regalis has been reported to self-sow for many years. Inclusion of the other four species is based on herbarium specimens with label data indicating that the specimens were collected from sites not under cultivation at the time.
Selected References
Key
| 1 | Proximal bracts simple, sometimes lowermost 3-lobed. | > 2 |
| 1 | Proximal bracts (at least 2 lowermost) dissected into 3 or more lobes. | > 4 |
| 2 | Spur less than 12 mm. | Consolida tenuissima |
| 2 | Spur 12 mm or more. | > 3 |
| 3 | Terminal lobe of petal more than 2 mm wide, sinus more than 0.5 mm deep; stems ± puberulent. | Consolida regalis |
| 3 | Terminal lobe of petal less than 2 mm wide, sinus less than 0.5 mm deep; stems densely pubescent. | Consolida pubescens |
| 4 | Bracteoles touching sepals, 1–5 mm proximal to flower; spur 12 mm or less. | Consolida orientalis |
| 4 | Bracteoles (at least on proximal flowers) not touching sepals, 4–20 mm proximal to flower; spur 12 mm or more. | > 5 |
| 5 | Follicles less than 1/2 length of proximal pedicels; inflorescence with 3 or more branches; stems pubescent. | Consolida pubescens |
| 5 | Follicles 1/2 or more length of proximal pedicels; inflorescence usually with 3 or fewer branches; stems glabrous to sparsely puberulent. | Consolida ajacis |