View source for Euphorbia thymifolia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Euphorbia thymifolia
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 454. 1753
|year=1753
}}
|common_names=Gulf sandmat
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Chamaesyce thymifolia
|authority=(Linnaeus) Millspaugh
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Euphorbiaceae;Euphorbia;Euphorbia sect. Anisophyllum;Euphorbia thymifolia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Euphorbiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Euphorbia]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Euphorbia sect. Anisophyllum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Euphorbia thymifolia]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 12
|mention_page=page 252, 253
|treatment_page=page 291
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> annual or perennial, with taproot. <b>Stems</b> prostrate, mat-forming, 15–30 cm, strigose to strigose-tomentulose. <b>Leaves</b> opposite; stipules distinct or slightly connate at base, linear-subulate, entire or slightly parted, 0.9–1.2 mm, strigose-tomentulose; petiole 0.5–1 mm, sparsely strigose-tomentulose; blade broadly elliptic to narrowly oblong or ovate-lanceolate, 3–10 × 1.8–5 mm, base asymmetric, one side usually angled or rounded and the other truncate and expanded into small, rounded auricle, margins serrate (larger leaves) to serrulate (smaller leaves), apex blunt to acute, abaxial surface sparsely tomentulose to glabrate, adaxial surface glabrate; palmately veined at base, pinnate distally. <b>Cyathia</b> usually in small, cymose clusters on congested, axillary branches; peduncle (0–)0.1–0.3 mm. <b>Involucre</b> broadly obconic, becoming distended and distorted by base of partially included capsule, 0.4–0.8 × 0.3–0.5 mm, strigose; glands 4, red, slightly concave, ± unequal, subcircular to broadly oval, 0.1–0.2 × 0.2–0.3 mm; appendages white to pink, usually unequal, occasionally ± equal at distal nodes, elongated toward sinus, sometimes rudimentary, 0.1–0.4 × 0.1–0.3 mm, distal margin entire or crenulate. <b>Staminate</b> flowers 3–5. <b>Pistillate</b> flowers: ovary densely strigose; styles 0.4–0.5 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. <b>Capsules</b> conic to truncate-ovoid, scarcely exserted from involucre, base often remaining inside involucre and splitting one side of it during maturation, 0.9–1.2 × 1–1.2 mm, sparsely to moderately strigose; columella 0.6–1 mm. <b>Seeds</b> white, tan underneath coat, ovoid to narrowly ovoid, sharply 4-angled in cross section, 0.8–0.9 × 0.4–0.6 mm, with 4 low transverse ridges often slightly extending into angles, not sulcate.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering and fruiting midsummer–early fall.
|habitat=Disturbed areas, often near salt water.
|elevation=0–20 m.
|distribution=Fla.;La.;Mexico;West Indies;South America;introduced in Asia;tropical Africa;Australia.
|discussion=<p><i>Euphorbia thymifolia</i> is a widespread tropical and subtropical weed. It is not certain where the species is native, but most likely it originated in the New World and then became widespread in the rest of the tropics. <i>Euphorbia thymifolia</i> is present in the flora area in southern Florida and coastal Louisiana, where it is likely adventive. <i>Euphorbia thymifolia</i> is generally similar to <i>E. maculata</i> but is characterized by its short pistillate pedicels and non-exserted capsules that remain largely enclosed by the involucre and by its unequal involucral gland appendages.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Euphorbia thymifolia
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|parent rank=section
|synonyms=Chamaesyce thymifolia
|basionyms=
|family=Euphorbiaceae
|phenology=Flowering and fruiting midsummer–early fall.
|habitat=Disturbed areas, often near salt water.
|elevation=0–20 m.
|distribution=Fla.;La.;Mexico;West Indies;South America;introduced in Asia;tropical Africa;Australia.
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1753
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V12/V12_217.xml
|genus=Euphorbia
|section=Euphorbia sect. Anisophyllum
|species=Euphorbia thymifolia
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Euphorbia sect. Anisophyllum]]