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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="tree orientation;shrub orientation;branch orientation;branch architecture;branch atypical some measurement;branch some measurement"><b>Trees </b>or shrubs, erect or branches sometimes pendent, branched, 1–6 (–10) m;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="trunk count;trunk arrangement or shape;trunk shape;pad arrangement;main axis development;main axis shape">trunk absent or elliptic in cross-section, becoming ± terete with age, originating from consecutive pads, main axis determinate and segmented.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem segment shape;stem segment shape;stem segment shape;stem segment shape;stem segment shape;stem segment atypical length;stem segment length;stem segment atypical width;stem segment width;stem segment position;stem segment relief"><b>Stem </b>segments flattened, narrowly linear to obovate or falcate, 6–30 (–50) × 3–10 (–15) cm, low to strongly tuberculate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="areole prominence;areole shape;areole shape;areole shape;areole length;areole width">areoles on both surfaces, commonly elevated, elliptic to subcircular, 3–6 × 2–5 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="wool coloration;wool coloration;wool coloration">wool tan to white.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="spine count;spine atypical count;spine count;spine fragility or size;spine shape;spine architecture;epidermis condition"><b>Spines </b>absent or 1–3 (–12) per areole, stout to hairlike, with epidermis intact, not sheathed.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="glochid arrangement;glochid coloration;glochid coloration;glochid coloration;glochid coloration;glochid coloration;areole arrangement"><b>Glochids </b>scattered in areole to densely arranged in tuft at adaxial margin, yellow, brown, or redbrown.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="flower reproduction;flower architecture or shape;flower atypical some measurement;flower some measurement"><b>Flowers </b>bisexual, radially symmetric, 3–7 (–10) cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="tepal orientation">tepals erect;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="inner tepal fixation or orientation;slender filament count">inner tepals closely appressed against numerous, slender filaments;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="filament coloration;filament coloration;filament coloration;filament coloration;style coloration;style coloration;style coloration;style coloration">filaments and style much exceeding perianth, pink to red or scarlet;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="stigma lobe condition;stigma lobe coloration;stigma lobe life cycle;stigma lobe coloration">fresh stigma lobes light green, aging pink;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="style size;style position;style width">nectar chamber covered by extended proximal thickening of style.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="pollen coloration;pollen coloration;pollen coloration;pollen architecture;pollen fusion;pollen texture;puncta width"><b>Pollen </b>yellow to pink, 12-porate, with very fine punctae and spinulae, cohesive, sticky.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="fruit coloration;fruit life cycle;fruit coloration;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit length;fruit width;fruit texture;fruit relief;fruit architecture;fruit architecture;umbilicus depth"><b>Fruits </b>red or sometimes aging purplish, cylindric or ellipsoid (circular in cross-section), 15–50 × 20–40 mm, juicy, often tuberculate, spineless or spiny, with very deep umbilicus.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="seed coloration;seed coloration;seed coloration;seed coloration;seed shape;seed shape;seed diameter;seed relief;seed relief;seed relief;seed pubescence;seed pubescence;envelope texture;envelope derivation"><b>Seeds </b>grayish or tan to brownish, flattened, notched at hilum, 3–5.5 mm diam., smooth to lumpy, covered by bony funicular envelope, glabrous or slightly hairy;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="girdle prominence;x chromosome count">girdle protruding to 1.5 mm. <b>x</b> = 11.</span><!-- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees </b>or shrubs, erect or branches sometimes pendent, branched, 1–6(–10) m; trunk absent or elliptic in cross section, becoming ± terete with age, originating from consecutive pads, main axis determinate and segmented. <b>Stem</b> segments flattened, narrowly linear to obovate or falcate, 6–30(–50) × 3–10(–15) cm, low to strongly tuberculate; areoles on both surfaces, commonly elevated, elliptic to subcircular, 3–6 × 2–5 mm; wool tan to white. <b>Spines</b> absent or 1–3(–12) per areole, stout to hairlike, with epidermis intact, not sheathed. <b>Glochids</b> scattered in areole to densely arranged in tuft at adaxial margin, yellow, brown, or red-brown. <b>Flowers</b> bisexual, radially symmetric, 3–7(–10) cm; tepals erect; inner tepals closely appressed against numerous, slender filaments; filaments and style much exceeding perianth, pink to red or scarlet; fresh stigma lobes light green, aging pink; nectar chamber covered by extended proximal thickening of style. <b>Pollen</b> yellow to pink, 12-porate, with very fine punctae and spinulae, cohesive, sticky. <b>Fruits</b> red or sometimes aging purplish, cylindric or ellipsoid (circular in cross section), 15–50 × 20–40 mm, juicy, often tuberculate, spineless or spiny, with very deep umbilicus. <b>Seeds</b> grayish or tan to brownish, flattened, notched at hilum, 3–5.5 mm diam., smooth to lumpy, covered by bony funicular envelope, glabrous or slightly hairy; girdle protruding to 1.5 mm. <b>x</b> = 11.</span><!-- |
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| | -->{{Treatment/Body | | -->{{Treatment/Body |
| | |distribution=Escapes in Fla.;Mexico;Central America (Panama);West Indies;introduced and cultivated in subtropical and tropical regions. | | |distribution=Escapes in Fla.;Mexico;Central America (Panama);West Indies;introduced and cultivated in subtropical and tropical regions. |
| | |discussion=<p>Species 8 (1 in the flora).</p><!-- | | |discussion=<p>Species 8 (1 in the flora).</p><!-- |
| − | --><p>Plants of Nopalea are pollinated by hummingbirds, and their winter flowering coincides with hummingbird migration. The stems and flowers are edible and used as forage. The plants are used medicinally as a tea to relieve kidney-stone pain and as a poultice on wounds. They are also used as hedges and living fences.</p> | + | --><p>Plants of <i>Nopalea</i> are pollinated by hummingbirds, and their winter flowering coincides with hummingbird migration. The stems and flowers are edible and used as forage. The plants are used medicinally as a tea to relieve kidney-stone pain and as a poultice on wounds. They are also used as hedges and living fences.</p> |
| | |tables= | | |tables= |
| | |references= | | |references= |
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| | |publication year=1850 | | |publication year=1850 |
| | |special status= | | |special status= |
| − | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V4/V4_289.xml | + | |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_289.xml |
| | |subfamily=Cactaceae subfam. Opuntioideae | | |subfamily=Cactaceae subfam. Opuntioideae |
| | |genus=Nopalea | | |genus=Nopalea |
| − | |areole arrangement=arranged
| |
| − | |areole length=3mm;6mm
| |
| − | |areole prominence=elevated
| |
| − | |areole shape=elliptic;subcircular
| |
| − | |areole width=2mm;5mm
| |
| − | |branch architecture=branched
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| − | |branch atypical some measurement=6m;10m
| |
| − | |branch orientation=pendent
| |
| − | |branch some measurement=1m;6m
| |
| − | |envelope derivation=funicular
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| − | |envelope texture=bony
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| − | |epidermis condition=intact
| |
| − | |filament coloration=pink;red or scarlet
| |
| − | |flower architecture or shape=symmetric
| |
| − | |flower atypical some measurement=7cm;10cm
| |
| − | |flower reproduction=bisexual
| |
| − | |flower some measurement=3cm;7cm
| |
| − | |fruit architecture=spiny;spineless
| |
| − | |fruit coloration=purplish;red
| |
| − | |fruit length=15mm;50mm
| |
| − | |fruit life cycle=aging
| |
| − | |fruit relief=tuberculate
| |
| − | |fruit shape=ellipsoid;cylindric
| |
| − | |fruit texture=juicy
| |
| − | |fruit width=20mm;40mm
| |
| − | |girdle prominence=protruding
| |
| − | |glochid arrangement=scattered
| |
| − | |glochid coloration=redbrown;brown;redbrown;brown;yellow
| |
| − | |inner tepal fixation or orientation=appressed
| |
| − | |main axis development=determinate
| |
| − | |main axis shape=segmented
| |
| − | |pad arrangement=consecutive
| |
| − | |pollen architecture=12-porate
| |
| − | |pollen coloration=yellow;pink
| |
| − | |pollen fusion=cohesive
| |
| − | |pollen texture=sticky
| |
| − | |puncta width=fine
| |
| − | |seed coloration=tan;brownish
| |
| − | |seed diameter=3mm;5.5mm
| |
| − | |seed pubescence=hairy;glabrous
| |
| − | |seed relief=smooth;lumpy
| |
| − | |seed shape=notched;flattened
| |
| − | |shrub orientation=erect
| |
| − | |slender filament count=numerous
| |
| − | |spine architecture=not sheathed
| |
| − | |spine atypical count=3;12
| |
| − | |spine count=1;3
| |
| − | |spine fragility or size=stout
| |
| − | |spine shape=hairlike
| |
| − | |stem segment atypical length=30cm;50cm
| |
| − | |stem segment atypical width=10cm;15cm
| |
| − | |stem segment length=6cm;30cm
| |
| − | |stem segment position=low
| |
| − | |stem segment relief=tuberculate
| |
| − | |stem segment shape=narrowly linear;obovate or falcate
| |
| − | |stem segment width=3cm;10cm
| |
| − | |stigma lobe coloration=pink;light green
| |
| − | |stigma lobe condition=fresh
| |
| − | |stigma lobe life cycle=aging
| |
| − | |style coloration=pink;red or scarlet
| |
| − | |style position=proximal
| |
| − | |style size=extended
| |
| − | |style width=thickening
| |
| − | |tepal orientation=erect
| |
| − | |tree orientation=erect
| |
| − | |trunk arrangement or shape=elliptic
| |
| − | |trunk count=absent
| |
| − | |trunk shape=terete
| |
| − | |umbilicus depth=deep
| |
| − | |wool coloration=tan;white
| |
| − | |x chromosome count=11
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| | }}<!-- | | }}<!-- |
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| | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Cactaceae subfam. Opuntioideae]] | | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Cactaceae subfam. Opuntioideae]] |
Trees or shrubs, erect or branches sometimes pendent, branched, 1–6(–10) m; trunk absent or elliptic in cross section, becoming ± terete with age, originating from consecutive pads, main axis determinate and segmented. Stem segments flattened, narrowly linear to obovate or falcate, 6–30(–50) × 3–10(–15) cm, low to strongly tuberculate; areoles on both surfaces, commonly elevated, elliptic to subcircular, 3–6 × 2–5 mm; wool tan to white. Spines absent or 1–3(–12) per areole, stout to hairlike, with epidermis intact, not sheathed. Glochids scattered in areole to densely arranged in tuft at adaxial margin, yellow, brown, or red-brown. Flowers bisexual, radially symmetric, 3–7(–10) cm; tepals erect; inner tepals closely appressed against numerous, slender filaments; filaments and style much exceeding perianth, pink to red or scarlet; fresh stigma lobes light green, aging pink; nectar chamber covered by extended proximal thickening of style. Pollen yellow to pink, 12-porate, with very fine punctae and spinulae, cohesive, sticky. Fruits red or sometimes aging purplish, cylindric or ellipsoid (circular in cross section), 15–50 × 20–40 mm, juicy, often tuberculate, spineless or spiny, with very deep umbilicus. Seeds grayish or tan to brownish, flattened, notched at hilum, 3–5.5 mm diam., smooth to lumpy, covered by bony funicular envelope, glabrous or slightly hairy; girdle protruding to 1.5 mm. x = 11.
Distribution
Escapes in Fla., Mexico, Central America (Panama), West Indies, introduced and cultivated in subtropical and tropical regions.
Discussion
Species 8 (1 in the flora).
Plants of Nopalea are pollinated by hummingbirds, and their winter flowering coincides with hummingbird migration. The stems and flowers are edible and used as forage. The plants are used medicinally as a tea to relieve kidney-stone pain and as a poultice on wounds. They are also used as hedges and living fences.
Selected References
None.