familyCactaceae
subfamilyCactaceae subfam. Cactoideae
genusPediocactus
speciesPediocactus simpsonii

Difference between revisions of "Pediocactus simpsonii"

(Engelmann) Britton & Rose

in N. L. Britton and A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. ed. 2, 2: 570. 1913.

Kenneth D. Heil, J. Mark Porter
Common names: Mountain cactus Simpson’s footcactus Simpon’s hedgehog cactus
IllustratedEndemic
Basionym: Echinocactus simpsonii Engelmann Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 2: 197. 1863 (as simpsoni)
Synonyms: Echinocactus simpsonii var. minor Engelmann Echinocactus simpsonii var. robustior J. M. Coulter Mammillaria simpsonii Pediocactus simpsonii subsp. bensonii (Engelmann) Hochstätter Pediocactus simpsonii var. hermannii (W. T. Marshall) W. T. Marshall Pediocactus simpsonii subsp. idahoensis Hochstätter Pediocactus simpsonii var. indraianus Hochstätter Pediocactus simpsonii subsp. robustior (J. M. Coulter) Hochstätter Pediocactus simpsonii var. robustior (Engelmann) L. D. Benson
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 214. Mentioned on page 212, 215.
FNA>Volume Importer
 
imported>Volume Importer
 
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{{Treatment/ID
 
{{Treatment/ID
 
|accepted_name=Pediocactus simpsonii
 
|accepted_name=Pediocactus simpsonii
−
|accepted_authority=(Engelmann) Britton & Rose in N. L. Britton and A. Brown
+
|accepted_authority=(Engelmann) Britton & Rose
 
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
 
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
 
|title=in N. L. Britton and A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. ed.
 
|title=in N. L. Britton and A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. ed.
Line 8: Line 8:
 
}}
 
}}
 
|common_names=Mountain cactus;Simpson’s footcactus;Simpon’s hedgehog cactus
 
|common_names=Mountain cactus;Simpson’s footcactus;Simpon’s hedgehog cactus
−
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
+
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
 +
|code=F
 +
|label=Illustrated
 +
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
 +
|code=E
 +
|label=Endemic
 +
}}
 +
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
 
|name=Echinocactus simpsonii
 
|name=Echinocactus simpsonii
 
|authority=Engelmann
 
|authority=Engelmann
 +
|rank=species
 +
|publication_title=Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis
 +
|publication_place=2: 197. 1863 (as simpsoni)
 
}}
 
}}
 
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 
|name=Echinocactus simpsonii var. minor
 
|name=Echinocactus simpsonii var. minor
 
|authority=Engelmann
 
|authority=Engelmann
−
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
+
|rank=variety
 +
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 
|name=Echinocactus simpsonii var. robustior
 
|name=Echinocactus simpsonii var. robustior
 
|authority=J. M. Coulter
 
|authority=J. M. Coulter
−
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
+
|rank=variety
 +
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 
|name=Mammillaria simpsonii
 
|name=Mammillaria simpsonii
−
|authority=unknown
+
|authority=
−
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
+
|rank=species
 +
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 
|name=Pediocactus simpsonii subsp. bensonii
 
|name=Pediocactus simpsonii subsp. bensonii
 
|authority=(Engelmann) Hochstätter
 
|authority=(Engelmann) Hochstätter
−
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
+
|rank=subspecies
 +
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 
|name=Pediocactus simpsonii var. hermannii
 
|name=Pediocactus simpsonii var. hermannii
 
|authority=(W. T. Marshall) W. T. Marshall
 
|authority=(W. T. Marshall) W. T. Marshall
−
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
+
|rank=variety
 +
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 
|name=Pediocactus simpsonii subsp. idahoensis
 
|name=Pediocactus simpsonii subsp. idahoensis
 
|authority=Hochstätter
 
|authority=Hochstätter
−
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
+
|rank=subspecies
 +
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 
|name=Pediocactus simpsonii var. indraianus
 
|name=Pediocactus simpsonii var. indraianus
 
|authority=Hochstätter
 
|authority=Hochstätter
−
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
+
|rank=variety
 +
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 
|name=Pediocactus simpsonii subsp. robustior
 
|name=Pediocactus simpsonii subsp. robustior
 
|authority=(J. M. Coulter) Hochstätter
 
|authority=(J. M. Coulter) Hochstätter
−
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
+
|rank=subspecies
 +
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 
|name=Pediocactus simpsonii var. robustior
 
|name=Pediocactus simpsonii var. robustior
 
|authority=(Engelmann) L. D. Benson
 
|authority=(Engelmann) L. D. Benson
 +
|rank=variety
 
}}
 
}}
 
|hierarchy=Cactaceae;Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae;Pediocactus;Pediocactus simpsonii
 
|hierarchy=Cactaceae;Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae;Pediocactus;Pediocactus simpsonii
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}}<!--
 
}}<!--
  
−
--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="plant architecture"><b>Plants </b>only occasionally branched.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem shape;stem shape;stem shape;stem shape;stem atypical length;stem length;stem width"><b>Stems </b>depressed-ovoid to ovoid or globose, 2.5–15 (–25) × 2.5–15 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="areole shape;areole shape;areole shape;areole pubescence">areoles circular to oval, villous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="spine architecture or pubescence or relief;spine texture;spine prominence;central spine arrangement"><b>Spines </b>smooth, relatively hard, distinguishable as radial and central;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="spine arrangement;spine count;spine orientation;spine coloration;spine size;spine some measurement">radial spines 15–35 per areole, widely spreading, white, slender, 3–13 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="central spine count;central spine coloration;central spine texture;central spine course;central spine course;central spine length;central spine width;basal 1/2 coloration;basal 1/2 coloration">central spines 4–11 per areole, reddish-brown (rarely black) with basal 1/2 cream or yellow, rigid, straight or slightly curved, 5–21 × 0.3 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="flower length;flower width"><b>Flowers </b>1.2–3 × 1–2.5 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="scale shape;scale shape;scale shape;scale shape;outer tepal shape;outer tepal shape;outer tepal shape;outer tepal shape">scales and outer tepals minutely toothed and laciniate or entire and often undulate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="outer tepal shape;outer tepal length;outer tepal atypical width;outer tepal width;midstripe coloration">outer tepals with greenish brown midstripes, oblong-cuneate, 9–20 × 3–5 (–6) mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal length;inner tepal atypical width;inner tepal width">inner tepals white, pink, magenta, yellow, or yellow-green, 12–25 × 4.5–6 (–9) mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="fruit coloration;fruit condition;fruit coloration;fruit height or length or size;fruit shape;fruit length;fruit width"><b>Fruits </b>green tinged with red, drying reddish-brown, short cylindric, 6–11 × 5–10 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="seed coloration;seed coloration;seed coloration;seed length;seed width;seed relief;seed relief"><b>Seeds </b>gray to black, 2–3 × 1.5–2 mm, papillate but not rugose.</span><!--
+
--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>only occasionally branched. <b>Stems</b> depressed-ovoid to ovoid or globose, 2.5–15(–25) × 2.5–15 cm; areoles circular to oval, villous. <b>Spines</b> smooth, relatively hard, distinguishable as radial and central; radial spines 15–35 per areole, widely spreading, white, slender, 3–13 mm; central spines 4–11 per areole, reddish brown (rarely black) with basal 1/2 cream or yellow, rigid, straight or slightly curved, 5–21 × 0.3 mm. <b>Flowers</b> 1.2–3 × 1–2.5 cm; scales and outer tepals minutely toothed and laciniate or entire and often undulate; outer tepals with greenish brown midstripes, oblong-cuneate, 9–20 × 3–5(–6) mm; inner tepals white, pink, magenta, yellow, or yellow-green, 12–25 × 4.5–6(–9) mm. <b>Fruits</b> green tinged with red, drying reddish brown, short cylindric, 6–11 × 5–10 mm. <b>Seeds</b> gray to black, 2–3 × 1.5–2 mm, papillate but not rugose.</span><!--
  
 
-->{{Treatment/Body
 
-->{{Treatment/Body
 +
|phenology=Flowering spring–early summer.
 
|habitat=Pinyon-juniper woodlands, sagebrush, montane, and prairie grasslands, coniferous forests
 
|habitat=Pinyon-juniper woodlands, sagebrush, montane, and prairie grasslands, coniferous forests
 
|elevation=1400-3500 m
 
|elevation=1400-3500 m
 
|distribution=Ariz.;Colo.;Idaho;Mont.;Nev.;N.Mex.;S.Dak.;Utah;Wyo.
 
|distribution=Ariz.;Colo.;Idaho;Mont.;Nev.;N.Mex.;S.Dak.;Utah;Wyo.
−
|discussion=<p>Pediocactus simpsonii is an exceedingly variable species. The segregation of the many forms, varieties, and subspecies on the basis of morphology, however, is difficult to support, given the continuous range of variation in stem size and flower color over its geographic range. The species has the widest distribution of any Pediocactus, and is found at the highest elevation.</p>
+
|discussion=<p><i>Pediocactus simpsonii</i> is an exceedingly variable species. The segregation of the many forms, varieties, and subspecies on the basis of morphology, however, is difficult to support, given the continuous range of variation in stem size and flower color over its geographic range. The species has the widest distribution of any <i>Pediocactus</i>, and is found at the highest elevation.</p>
 
|tables=
 
|tables=
 
|references=
 
|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
 
-->{{#Taxon:
 
name=Pediocactus simpsonii
 
name=Pediocactus simpsonii
−
|author=
+
|authority=(Engelmann) Britton & Rose
−
|authority=(Engelmann) Britton & Rose in N. L. Britton and A. Brown
 
 
|rank=species
 
|rank=species
 
|parent rank=genus
 
|parent rank=genus
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|basionyms=Echinocactus simpsonii
 
|basionyms=Echinocactus simpsonii
 
|family=Cactaceae
 
|family=Cactaceae
 +
|phenology=Flowering spring–early summer.
 
|habitat=Pinyon-juniper woodlands, sagebrush, montane, and prairie grasslands, coniferous forests
 
|habitat=Pinyon-juniper woodlands, sagebrush, montane, and prairie grasslands, coniferous forests
 
|elevation=1400-3500 m
 
|elevation=1400-3500 m
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|publication title=in N. L. Britton and A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. ed.
 
|publication title=in N. L. Britton and A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. ed.
 
|publication year=1913
 
|publication year=1913
−
|special status=
+
|special status=Illustrated;Endemic
−
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V4/V4_401.xml
+
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_401.xml
 
|subfamily=Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae
 
|subfamily=Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae
 
|genus=Pediocactus
 
|genus=Pediocactus
 
|species=Pediocactus simpsonii
 
|species=Pediocactus simpsonii
−
|areole pubescence=villous
 
−
|areole shape=circular;oval
 
−
|basal 1/2 coloration=yellow;cream
 
−
|central spine arrangement=radial
 
−
|central spine coloration=reddish-brown
 
−
|central spine count=4;11
 
−
|central spine course=curved;straight
 
−
|central spine length=5mm;21mm
 
−
|central spine texture=rigid
 
−
|central spine width=0.3
 
−
|flower length=1.2cm;3cm
 
−
|flower width=1cm;2.5cm
 
−
|fruit coloration=reddish-brown;green tinged with red
 
−
|fruit condition=drying
 
−
|fruit height or length or size=short
 
−
|fruit length=6mm;11mm
 
−
|fruit shape=cylindric
 
−
|fruit width=5mm;10mm
 
−
|inner tepal atypical width=6mm;9mm
 
−
|inner tepal coloration=yellow-green;yellow;yellow-green;yellow;magenta;pink;white
 
−
|inner tepal length=12mm;25mm
 
−
|inner tepal width=4.5mm;6mm
 
−
|midstripe coloration=greenish brown
 
−
|outer tepal atypical width=5mm;6mm
 
−
|outer tepal length=9mm;20mm
 
−
|outer tepal shape=oblong-cuneate;undulate;entire;laciniate;toothed
 
−
|outer tepal width=3mm;5mm
 
−
|plant architecture=branched
 
−
|scale shape=undulate;entire;laciniate;toothed
 
−
|seed coloration=gray;black
 
−
|seed length=2mm;3mm
 
−
|seed relief=not rugose;papillate
 
−
|seed width=1.5mm;2mm
 
−
|spine architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
 
−
|spine arrangement=radial
 
−
|spine coloration=white
 
−
|spine count=15;35
 
−
|spine orientation=spreading
 
−
|spine prominence=distinguishable
 
−
|spine size=slender
 
−
|spine some measurement=3mm;13mm
 
−
|spine texture=hard
 
−
|stem atypical length=15cm;25cm
 
−
|stem length=2.5cm;15cm
 
−
|stem shape=depressed-ovoid;ovoid or globose
 
−
|stem width=2.5cm;15cm
 
 
}}<!--
 
}}<!--
  
 
-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Pediocactus]]
 
-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Pediocactus]]

Latest revision as of 22:58, 5 November 2020

Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: John Myers

Copyright: Flora of North America Association

Plants only occasionally branched. Stems depressed-ovoid to ovoid or globose, 2.5–15(–25) × 2.5–15 cm; areoles circular to oval, villous. Spines smooth, relatively hard, distinguishable as radial and central; radial spines 15–35 per areole, widely spreading, white, slender, 3–13 mm; central spines 4–11 per areole, reddish brown (rarely black) with basal 1/2 cream or yellow, rigid, straight or slightly curved, 5–21 × 0.3 mm. Flowers 1.2–3 × 1–2.5 cm; scales and outer tepals minutely toothed and laciniate or entire and often undulate; outer tepals with greenish brown midstripes, oblong-cuneate, 9–20 × 3–5(–6) mm; inner tepals white, pink, magenta, yellow, or yellow-green, 12–25 × 4.5–6(–9) mm. Fruits green tinged with red, drying reddish brown, short cylindric, 6–11 × 5–10 mm. Seeds gray to black, 2–3 × 1.5–2 mm, papillate but not rugose.


Phenology: Flowering spring–early summer.
Habitat: Pinyon-juniper woodlands, sagebrush, montane, and prairie grasslands, coniferous forests
Elevation: 1400-3500 m

Distribution

V4 401-distribution-map.gif

Ariz., Colo., Idaho, Mont., Nev., N.Mex., S.Dak., Utah, Wyo.

Discussion

Pediocactus simpsonii is an exceedingly variable species. The segregation of the many forms, varieties, and subspecies on the basis of morphology, however, is difficult to support, given the continuous range of variation in stem size and flower color over its geographic range. The species has the widest distribution of any Pediocactus, and is found at the highest elevation.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Pediocactus simpsonii"
RDF feed
Author
Kenneth D. Heil +  and J. Mark Porter +
Authority
(Engelmann) Britton & Rose +
Basionyms
Echinocactus simpsonii +
Common name
Mountain cactus +, Simpson’s footcactus +  and Simpon’s hedgehog cactus +
Distribution
Ariz. +, Colo. +, Idaho +, Mont. +, Nev. +, N.Mex. +, S.Dak. +, Utah +  and Wyo. +
Elevation
1400-3500 m +
Habitat
Pinyon-juniper woodlands, sagebrush, montane, and prairie grasslands, coniferous forests +
Illustration
Present +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
John Myers +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Phenology
Flowering spring–early summer. +
Publication title
in N. L. Britton and A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. ed. +
Publication year
1913 +
Reference
None +
Source xml
https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse grained fna xml/V4/V4 401.xml +
Special status
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
Synonyms
Echinocactus simpsonii var. minor +, Echinocactus simpsonii var. robustior +, Mammillaria simpsonii +, Pediocactus simpsonii subsp. bensonii +, Pediocactus simpsonii var. hermannii +, Pediocactus simpsonii subsp. idahoensis +, Pediocactus simpsonii var. indraianus +, Pediocactus simpsonii subsp. robustior +  and Pediocactus simpsonii var. robustior +
Taxon family
Cactaceae +
Taxon name
Pediocactus simpsonii +
Taxon parent
Pediocactus +
Taxon rank
species +
Volume
Volume 4 +