Search results
- sheaths usually open to the base, varying to closed for nearly their full length; auricles present or absent; abaxial ligules absent; adaxial ligules scarious10 KB (674 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
- usually erect or ascending, sometimes prostrate or decumbent for much of their length, occasionally climbing, rarely floating; nodes prominent, sometimes concealed28 KB (1,872 words) - 17:21, 11 May 2021
- florets, occasionally absent; lower lemmas similar to the upper glumes in length and texture; upper lemmas indurate, coriaceous, or cartilaginous, with a17 KB (785 words) - 18:55, 11 May 2021
- base; internodes usually hollow. Sheaths usually open for most of their length, sometimes closed; collars without tufts of hair on the sides; auricles40 KB (861 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
- evaluated on the lower florets within several spikelets; length of the callus hairs refers to their length when stretched out; anther measurements are based on82 KB (1,737 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
- pair shorter than median inner 2 pairs), rarely equal in length or in 3 pairs of unequal length; filaments (slender, sometimes winged, appendaged, or toothed):95 KB (3,708 words) - 23:32, 5 November 2020
- papillate, or denticulate; staminode included to exserted, if included, length 3/4+ times corolla throat. Seeds angled or rounded, rarely angled-elongate11 KB (337 words) - 20:22, 8 December 2021
- florets. Glumes usually exceeding the floret(s), always longer than 1/4 the length of the adjacent floret, 1-10-veined, narrowly lanceolate to ovate, hyaline13 KB (1,008 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
- occasionally piliferous from rounded-cucullate base; costa to (20–)40–100% leaf length, terminal spine present or absent, abaxial surface occasionally toothed;20 KB (981 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
- hypanthium absent; sepals 0 or 2–12, distinct or connate basally to most of length; petals 0 or (3–)5(–6), distinct or connate; nectary present or absent;18 KB (1,347 words) - 20:16, 5 November 2020
- usually hollow, rarely solid. Sheaths closed, margins united for most of their length; collars without tufts of hair on the sides; auricles sometimes present;4 KB (478 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
- obtrullate, rhombic-ovate, broadly ovate to suborbiculate, 1–8(–12) cm, length 1.6–2 times width, coriaceous to thin, lobes 0 or 1–4 or 5(–9), sinuses25 KB (651 words) - 00:00, 6 November 2020
- petal blades often same color as lateral sepals, usually greater than 1/5 length of lateral sepals (exceptions in red- and yellow-flowered species). None2 KB (176 words) - 22:51, 5 November 2020
- located above the vaginant laminae, and a dorsal lamina that occupies the length of the leaf opposite the vaginant and ventral laminae; costa single, usually2 KB (185 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
- compressed; stamens (2–)4, adnate to corolla, didynamous [both pairs of equal length in autogamous forms], staminode 0; pistil 1, 2-carpellate, ovary superior7 KB (628 words) - 20:27, 5 November 2020
- pink, campanulate to urceolate, glabrous; tepals 5, connate 3–70% of their length, petaloid or sepaloid, monomorphic or, rarely, dimorphic, the inner usually6 KB (649 words) - 23:08, 5 November 2020
- partially adnate to hypanthium, styles 1–5, lateral, distinct, adnate most of length, exsert; ovules 2, superposed. Fruits pomes, yellow to red or purplish to21 KB (2,479 words) - 16:24, 9 December 2021
- or weakly to strongly compressed, closed only at the base or up to full length, fusion of the margins not extended by a hyaline membrane, basal sheaths3 KB (488 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
- (subfam. Polygonoideae), or 2–10+, usually connate proximally or to 1/2 their length, rarely perfoliate, foliaceous or scalelike, margins entire, sometimes awn-tipped12 KB (1,495 words) - 20:20, 17 May 2021
- bracteoles. Bracteoles cuneate to ovate or obovate, united at least to 1/2 of length, faces with tubercles or crests or smooth. Seeds: radicle lateral or superior2 KB (201 words) - 14:55, 6 March 2024
- endosperm absent; embryo straight [curved]; cotyledons 25–40% of total embryo length. Nearly worldwide except very cold or very dry regions, almost confined6 KB (558 words) - 23:19, 5 November 2020
- conic, sometimes clavate, often rough-thickened basally to nearly whole length. x = 7. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Bermuda, Central America, South24 KB (1,890 words) - 23:54, 5 November 2020
- Sporophores long, 1–3 times length of trophophore; blades dull, blue to green. > 28 27 Sporophores short, only 1–2 times length of trophophore; blades shiny16 KB (461 words) - 20:36, 6 November 2020
- less than 1/5 length of body. Carex sect. Chordorrhizae 34 Perigynia veinless or weakly veined adaxially; beak 0.2+ mm, at least 1/4 length of body. Carex82 KB (3,643 words) - 21:20, 17 July 2023
- absent; pistil 3-carpellate; styles 3, distinct or connate basally to most of length, unbranched or 2-fid. Fruits capsules, tardily dehiscent and with spongy12 KB (1,294 words) - 15:46, 17 May 2021
- for at least 3/4 their length; those such as F. saximontana, in which they are closed from 1/3 to slightly more than 1/2 their length; and those such as F45 KB (2,833 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
- series of 25–45 longer, barbellate bristles, mid apically attenuate, 90–95% length of inner, inner apically weakly to strongly clavate [(0.5–in S. sphacelata)113 KB (793 words) - 20:33, 8 December 2021
- pubescent or glandular abaxially; tepals 6, connate proximally to 1/2 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic, usually entire apically, rarely emarginate; stamens13 KB (1,373 words) - 21:23, 9 February 2021
- Spikelets ellipsoid to lanceolate, glabrous. Lower glumes 1/5 - 4/5 the length of the spikelets, 1-11-veined; upper glumes and lower lemmas (5)7-15-veined;2 KB (250 words) - 18:56, 11 May 2021
- overlapping, free from subtending included or exserted bracts for most of length, spirally arranged, strongly flattened, at maturity relatively thin to strongly9 KB (768 words) - 21:21, 5 November 2020
- margins; teeth erect to spreading or divergent, connate at least 1/2 their length, typically shallow, mostly unequal, with alternating long and short awns3 KB (325 words) - 23:15, 5 November 2020
- hypogynous; hypanthium absent; sepals 4–6, distinct or connate basally to most of length; petals 0 or [4–]5[–6], distinct; nectary present or absent; stamens 2–5[–50]9 KB (777 words) - 20:18, 5 November 2020
- the valleys) canals. Leaves in whorls, fused part of length into sheaths. Stem ridges traversing length of internode and continuing into sheaths, terminating10 KB (489 words) - 15:20, 2 June 2022
- [3–](4–)5(–9)[–10] or 0, imbricate or valvate, distinct (connate for 1/2+ length in C. argyranthemus); petals 5 (sometimes rudimentary) or 0, distinct or18 KB (818 words) - 20:14, 5 November 2020
- terete or slightly compressed. Sheaths closed from 1/7 their length to their entire length, terete to compressed, smooth or scabrous, glabrous or pubescent;4 KB (420 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- usually equal to or 2 times number of petals, usually in 2 whorls of unequal length, sometimes 1 whorl; anthers versatile [or basifixed], introrse, 2-locular9 KB (801 words) - 23:41, 2 December 2022
- paniclelike, or capitate; tepals 4 or 15, connate 1/ 2/ 3 their length (less than 5 their length in P. wallichii); stamens 5-8 Persicaria 16 Inflorescences10 KB (665 words) - 23:07, 5 November 2020
- 1/3–3/4 length of perigynia; bases of perigynia not longitudinally striate on adaxial face. Carex leavenworthii 6 Pistillate scales at least 3/4 length of perigynia;12 KB (379 words) - 21:41, 5 November 2020
- less than 1/2 tepal length (nearly equaling tepal length in F. camschatcensis, but very narrow and obscure; to 2/3 tepal length in F. affinis); small12 KB (541 words) - 22:14, 5 November 2020
- (subexplanate, sides glabrous in P. personatus), sutures smooth; staminode included, length usually 1/3–3/4 times corolla throat. Seeds angled, wings absent or narrow3 KB (230 words) - 20:30, 5 November 2020
- petals lobed or not. > 4 3 Petal length 2 times width, lobes ± equal or middle lobe wider. Clarkia concinna 3 Petal length equal to width, middle lobe longer15 KB (533 words) - 17:51, 2 December 2022
- sepals 5, imbricate, distinct or connate to 1/2 length; petals 5, distinct or connate basally to most of length, white, greenish yellow, pink, red, or purple8 KB (575 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
- used to contrast with involute or revolute margins. In this treatment, the length of the corolla lobes and tube is measured from the point of contact in the74 KB (2,673 words) - 15:17, 5 February 2024
- androecium hypogynous; hypanthium absent; sepals 4–5(–9), connate most or all of length; petals (3–)4–5(–9), distinct (connate distally, forming calyptra, in Vitis)6 KB (550 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
- perforate, cilia usually appendiculate, to variously reduced in number or length or sometimes absent. Calyptra fugacious, cucullate, small, smooth. Spores12 KB (818 words) - 22:34, 5 November 2020
- blade length; inflorescences all bisexual and terminal; Florida. Acalypha chamaedrifolia 10 Petioles 0.4–2.5 cm, more than 2/3 leaf blade length; inflorescences12 KB (853 words) - 15:52, 28 March 2022
- recurved to form confluent, poorly defined false indusia, extending entire length of segment or discontinuous on apical or lateral lobes. Veins of ultimate18 KB (985 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
- keeled or not keeled, glabrous, pilose, or puberulent, lobes not reflexed, length 0.5–1 times tube; petals 5, lavender, magenta, pink, rose, violet, white22 KB (2,094 words) - 23:44, 5 November 2020
- nodal fringe > 9 9 Styles 1, or (2-)3, connate proximally for 2 or more of length or rarely distinct > 10 9 Styles 3 or 5, occasionally 2, distinct or nearly22 KB (1,113 words) - 23:09, 5 November 2020
- grooved over sutures, prickly, rarely unarmed, dehiscing from apex ca. 1/3 length, valves separating from framework of vascular elements, to which persistent11 KB (563 words) - 22:50, 5 November 2020
- lanceoloid or ovoid, terete to weakly 4-angled dehiscent nearly throughout their length; sessile. Seeds numerous, in (1 or) 2 rows per locule, prismatic and angled6 KB (530 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
- sometimes lost in heat-treated specimens); sporangia following veins for most of length, not covered by reflexed leaf margin (false indusium). Pityrogramma 5 Leaves12 KB (634 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
- 3/4 their length, the hairs about 1.5 mm long Muhlenbergia curtifolia 29 Lemmas scabridulous or pubescent for no more than 1/2 their length, the hairs38 KB (1,181 words) - 18:58, 11 May 2021
- branching above the base; internodes hollow. Sheaths closed for their whole length or almost so; collars without tufts of hair on the sides; auricles sometimes7 KB (664 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- acuminate or sometimes acute to rounded; costa usually double, 1/4–2/3 leaf length, sometimes single or nearly ecostate; alar cells sometimes differentiated;7 KB (523 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
- solitary spikelet; spikelets 1–150; 1st order rays unequal (rarely equal) in length, produced singly from the axils of inflorescence bracts; involucral bracts39 KB (517 words) - 15:42, 16 November 2022
- morefieldii); sepals ascending, connivent at least proximally and usually much of length, variously colored, lanceolate or oblong to broadly ovate, thick, usually11 KB (363 words) - 22:46, 5 November 2020
- elements present. Rhizophores borne on upperside of stems, throughout stem length or confined to base of stem. Leaves monomorphic, tightly appressed and spirally15 KB (584 words) - 21:21, 5 November 2020
- stamens: filaments 5 long and 5 short, alternating with one another, or equal length. x = (5–)7(–12). North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South21 KB (920 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
- recurved, 1-year old very dark, usually slender, 1–5 cm. Leaves: petiole length (0–)10–40(–60)% blade, pubescent (young), sessile-glandular (young); blade16 KB (866 words) - 23:53, 5 November 2020
- from mature anthers that have dehisced and shed their pollen. Pollen sac length is the distance from the distal tip of the sac to its point of confluence14 KB (1,771 words) - 19:59, 8 December 2021
- Perigynium measurements are best taken from perigynia about 1/3 of the spike length. Perigynia become distinctly marrower near the top of the spikes and the55 KB (863 words) - 21:41, 5 November 2020
- compound starch grains, rarely with simple starch grains; embryos to 1/3 the length of the caryopses; epiblasts usually present; scutellar cleft usually present;5 KB (466 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
- [present]; stamens 2–6(–10)[–25], distinct or connate basally (connate 1/2 length in T. nigricans); pistillode present [absent]. Pistillate flowers: sepals9 KB (549 words) - 20:13, 5 November 2020
- herbaceous at maturity, 1/2 as long as to nearly equaling the upper lemmas in length, 3-9-veined; lower florets staminate or sterile; lower lemmas membranous12 KB (662 words) - 12:46, 5 June 2023
- species the leaf and sheath of submersed leaves are adnate for part of their length, and the leaf appears to have a sheathing base with an adaxial ligule at7 KB (794 words) - 21:32, 5 November 2020
- pedicels short. Spikelets ovoid to ellipsoid, glabrous. Lower glumes varying in length, 0-3-veined (rarely 7-veined); upper glumes and lower lemmas usually 3-5-veined3 KB (263 words) - 18:56, 11 May 2021
- or ± round pits (pits oriented with longer dimension at right angles to length of seed). x = 9. North America, Mexico, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa5 KB (312 words) - 20:13, 5 November 2020
- a limbidium; costa usually distinct, infrequently obscured, variable in length, absent or nearly so to short-excurrent, variable in structure (bryoides-type26 KB (1,714 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
- typically constricted neck; limb lobes erect or curved, equal to unequal in length and/or width, linear to oblong or deltate, often papillate at recurved or19 KB (1,096 words) - 22:18, 5 November 2020
- sterile florets below the sexual floret, these no more than 1/2 (9/10) the length of the fertile floret; unisexual spikelets in the same or different panicles;5 KB (428 words) - 17:23, 11 May 2021
- locule, anatropous; styles 1–12, distinct or connate proximally to most of length; stigmas (1–)2–12. Fruits capsules [berries], dehiscence septicidal, loculicidal9 KB (775 words) - 20:18, 5 November 2020
- mm, length 1–2(–3) times subtending bracts. Veronica persica 26 Capsules absent or almost smooth, sinus angle 50–90°; pedicels (15–)20–30 mm, length 2–516 KB (886 words) - 20:36, 5 November 2020
- radiculose, occasionally bare or tomentose, axillary hairs several cells in length, sometimes the proximal 1–3 cells brownish. Stem leaves usually appressed20 KB (884 words) - 22:27, 5 November 2020
- blades less than 1/5 length of lateral sepals; sepals never red or yellow. Sect. Elatopsis 1 Lower petal blades more than 1/5 length of lateral sepals; sepals5 KB (569 words) - 22:49, 5 November 2020
- Thalictrum include leaflet shape, degree of dilation of filaments, anther length, shape of anther apex, achene shape and venation patterns, and vestiture14 KB (849 words) - 22:49, 5 November 2020
- flowers, subtended by triangular bract. Flowers: sepals connate for most of length, usually mixture of brown, purple, or yellow, externally glabrous, inner7 KB (446 words) - 22:50, 5 November 2020
- dense mats. Petiole short, threadlike to wiry, often winged part or entire length. Blade ovate or oblong to lanceolate, simple to decompound, usually 1 cell5 KB (452 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
- purple-veined or -blotched, sometimes white-areolate, winged laterally along its length, usually prominently costate, surfaces of pitcher and hood glabrous or hairy5 KB (538 words) - 23:45, 5 November 2020
- Pedicels usually longer than 3 mm, similar to the rame internodes in shape, length, and pubescence color, not fused to the rame axes. Pedicellate spikelets11 KB (573 words) - 18:57, 11 May 2021
- connate basally for more than 1/10 total length. > 41 40 Tepals distinct or connate basally for less than 1/10 total length. > 49 41 Flowering stems leafy. >39 KB (3,176 words) - 22:13, 5 November 2020
- limbs; petals 5, nearly distinct, connate at bases or for most of their length (corolla salverform); blade clawed or claw absent, margins entire; corona5 KB (493 words) - 23:08, 5 November 2020
- pyriform or urceolate, neck well differentiated, sometimes 1+ times urn length; exothecial cells near mouth quadrate or short-rectangular, often reddish7 KB (687 words) - 22:35, 5 November 2020
- glabrous or pubescent, basal branching extravaginal. Sheaths open the entire length or fused at the base; auricles absent; ligules membranous, often erose to9 KB (681 words) - 17:21, 11 May 2021
- sometimes somewhat basally concentrated; sheaths open for most of their length; auricles often present; ligules membranous, usually truncate or rounded40 KB (2,632 words) - 17:23, 11 May 2021
- 3-carpellate (Astilbe, Lithophragma, Micranthes), carpels connate for full length of ovary to barely connate proximally, equal, rarely unequal (Tiarella);24 KB (2,046 words) - 23:46, 5 November 2020
- peltate. Fruits baccate or drupaceous [capsular]. Seeds not arillate; embryo length 1/3+ times seed, cotyledons large. Introduced; Fla., Mexico, West Indies3 KB (197 words) - 23:19, 5 November 2020
- 1–4 mm; blade oblong-obovate or obovate lanceolate, 1.5–2 × 0.3–0.8 cm, length 2–4 times width, base acute, margins entire or with a few reduced teeth12 KB (920 words) - 23:58, 5 November 2020
- terete or weakly compressed; nodes terete. Sheaths closed for 1/10-1/3 their length, terete, smooth or scabrous, distal sheaths usually longer than their blades;4 KB (481 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- Scalelike leaves not overlapping, or, if so, by not more than 1/5 their length, apex obtuse to acute; bark of larger branchlets exfoliating in plates;9 KB (512 words) - 21:22, 5 November 2020
- pubescent abaxially, glabrous adaxially; tepals connate proximally 1/4–1/3 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic; stamens usually exserted, occasionally included;18 KB (535 words) - 20:40, 22 September 2022
- developed; nectary scale attached basally, free from petal for at least 1/2 its length, forming flap covering nectary (or sometimes attached on 3 sides, forming9 KB (314 words) - 22:50, 5 November 2020
- in 2 whorls, outer usually opposite petals, often alternately unequal in length or sterile, distinct, free or adnate to petal bases, inserted on or proximal6 KB (500 words) - 20:13, 5 November 2020
- Anther 1–2 times length of filament, less than 1 mm; capsule usually exceeding perianth Juncus compressus 11 Anther 2–4 times length of filament, longer7 KB (290 words) - 21:29, 5 November 2020
- leaves, ocreae, and petioles are from the middle of the main stem. Leaf length includes the petiole. Heterophyllous taxa have cauline leaves at least three10 KB (707 words) - 21:17, 19 May 2022
- subsessile refers leaves with a petiole to 0.5 mm. Measurements of raceme length refer to the flowering and/or fruiting portion (including attachment scars)11 KB (1,157 words) - 23:52, 2 December 2022
- blackish, older graying, ± stout to ± slender, 2.5–5(–7) cm. Leaves: petiole length 28–60% blade, winged, glabrous or pubescent, distally variably sessile-glandular;14 KB (936 words) - 23:53, 5 November 2020
- compressed. Sheaths usually closed for 1/2-7/8 their length, sometimes only 1/20 – 1/10 their length, terete to distinctly compressed, smooth or scabrous;4 KB (501 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- Spikelets 1 at all or most nodes. > 7 7 Spikelets usually more than 3 times the length of the middle rachis internodes, usually divergent, sometimes ascending;14 KB (1,219 words) - 17:23, 11 May 2021
- scarious. Flowers: perianth 6-tepaled, connate proximally into tube of varying length and shape, usually funnelform, lobes similar, usually ascending to spreading;9 KB (626 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
- herb with cordate leaves and filiform pedicels that are nearly the same length as the leaves; no vouchers have been found; if it was present, it can be11 KB (632 words) - 23:22, 5 November 2020
- upper florets bisexual, lemmas hyaline, bilobed or bifid to 7/8 of their length (rarely entire), awned from the sinuses; anthers 3. Pedicels free of the9 KB (671 words) - 18:57, 11 May 2021
- calculated as follows: measure length of lobe from apex to a line connecting bases of sinuses; and measure total length of blade from leaf apex to summit16 KB (1,220 words) - 20:37, 6 November 2020
- the shorter diameter) are called scales, regardless of relative overall lengths and widths of the elements. As used here, “subulate scale” and “setiform270 KB (5,940 words) - 20:46, 31 January 2022
- more or less evenly distributed, glabrous; sheaths open for most of their length, uppermost sheaths often somewhat inflated; auricles absent; ligules hyaline10 KB (769 words) - 17:21, 11 May 2021
- anthers 1/4 to equal filament length Juncus mertensianus 20 Tepals light green, or light pink to white; anthers 2–3 times length of filaments Juncus chlorocephalus11 KB (266 words) - 15:17, 4 October 2022
- broadly pyriform or urceolate, 1–6[–10] mm, neck sometimes 1+ times urn length; exothecial cells near mouth in 1–3+ rows, medial cell walls straight or12 KB (577 words) - 22:35, 5 November 2020
- serrulate distally; apex obtuse to long-acuminate; costa single, 1/3–3/4 leaf length, or rarely ecostate; alar cells differentiated, quadrate, rectangular, or5 KB (474 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
- proximal and middle perigyinia separated by internodes less than 1/10 their length, yellow-brown to brown, strongly veined on faces, slightly stipitate, obovoid6 KB (471 words) - 21:44, 5 November 2020
- subentire; apex gradually tapered or acuminate; costa to (20–)40–80% leaf length, thin or thick distally, terminal spine present or sometimes absent; alar6 KB (435 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
- 15 Filaments exceeding anthers in length. Sagittaria cristata 15 Filaments shorter than or equaling anthers in length. > 16 16 Blades of emersed leaves9 KB (447 words) - 21:31, 5 November 2020
- ending before mid leaf, often single and slender or stout to 1/2–3/4 leaf length, occasionally double and long, rarely percurrent, terminal abaxial spine11 KB (609 words) - 22:35, 5 November 2020
- monomorphic (dimorphic in P. acrostichoides), evergreen. Petiole 1/9–1 times length of blade, bases swollen or not; vascular bundles more than 3, arranged in10 KB (804 words) - 21:22, 5 November 2020
- purple, ± fine to slender or moderately thick, 1.5–5 cm. Leaves: petiole length (28–)50–100% blade, glabrous, usually glandular, sometimes eglandular; blade7 KB (628 words) - 00:00, 6 November 2020
- fibrous, twisted, dry, thin threadlike segments apparent nearly entire length; buds minute. Stems 1(-3) per root, unbranched, elongation delayed 4-106 KB (294 words) - 22:46, 5 November 2020
- acuminate; ecostate, costa double and short, or single, faint, 1/4–1/2 leaf length, sometimes unevenly 2-fid distally; laminal cells smooth or mammillose abaxially3 KB (293 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
- extravaginal. Culms 15-125 cm. Sheaths closed from(1/3)1/2 their length to their entire length, terete to compressed, distal sheaths shorter or longer than3 KB (387 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- adaxial clefts 4–14 mm, 33–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2.5–8 mm, 12–50% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate-acuminate, narrowly oblong5 KB (507 words) - 19:13, 6 November 2020
- abaxial and adaxial clefts 5–9 mm, 33–50(–67)% of calyx length, lateral 2–5.5 mm, 20–40% of calyx length; lobes linear or narrowly lanceolate to oblong or ±5 KB (476 words) - 19:18, 6 November 2020
- [absent]; pistil 3(–4)-carpellate; styles 3(–4), distinct or connate to 1/2 length, 2-fid [rarely unbranched]. Fruits capsules or drupes. Seeds 2 per locule12 KB (802 words) - 20:13, 5 November 2020
- sheath and blade; ligules absent; blades of upper cauline leaves similar in length to those below; siliceous cells of the leaf epidermis absent or irregular4 KB (281 words) - 18:59, 11 May 2021
- crenately lobed, fleshy or thin; stamens 4–50, distinct, sometimes unequal in length, anthers attached at or near bases, yellow, dehiscing by longitudinal slits;5 KB (477 words) - 23:53, 5 November 2020
- over winter or sometimes persistent into the next season. Petiole 1/5–3/4 length of blade, base not conspicuously swollen; vascular bundles 2, arranged laterally9 KB (567 words) - 21:21, 5 November 2020
- 27 Branch leaves relatively broad, with length to width ratio ca. 2.8; stem leaves relatively narrow, with length to width ratio ca. 1:1.22; branch leaves12 KB (468 words) - 22:25, 5 November 2020
- ratio of length/width more than 5); rachis conspicuously or minutely and sparsely pubescent or glabrous; flowers gaping only from 2/3–3/4 their lengths from17 KB (439 words) - 22:11, 5 November 2020
- a latticed disk, endostome segments opposite the teeth, 1/6 or more the length of the teeth, papillose or weakly papillose-striate with a basal membrane7 KB (585 words) - 22:25, 5 November 2020
- [beyond] anthers into 3 filiform branches each divided for ca. 1/2 their length, apically stigmatic. Capsules [globose to] oblong, wood-textured, rounded3 KB (293 words) - 22:17, 5 November 2020
- absent. Leaves monomorphic, dying back in winter. Petiole ca. 1.5–3 times length of blade, base not swollen; vascular bundles 2, lateral, ± oblong in cross6 KB (364 words) - 21:25, 5 November 2020
- base not narrowed, firmly attached to root; proximal internodes similar in length to those of midstem. Leaves cauline, largest at or slightly below middle6 KB (393 words) - 22:47, 5 November 2020
- maroon, or reddish ring, corolla short-tubular, lobes strongly reflexed, length 2+ times tube, apex mostly acute; stamens ± exserted; filaments distinct17 KB (1,639 words) - 23:44, 5 November 2020
- [equaling] number of corolla lobes, adnate to corolla at base only or to 1/2 length of corolla, uniseriate in appearance; anthers dehiscent by longitudinal7 KB (698 words) - 23:45, 5 November 2020
- petal for at least 1/2 its length, thus forming free scale over nectary (scale sometimes free for less than 1/2 its length in R. recurvatus, with serrate12 KB (580 words) - 22:49, 5 November 2020
- green through winter or dying back in winter. Petiole ca. 1/4–2/3 blade length, bases swollen or not; vascular bundles more than 3, arranged in an arc9 KB (586 words) - 20:38, 6 November 2020
- yellowish white or pink, rotate, glabrous; tepals 5, connate ca. 1/4 their length, petaloid, slightly to distinctly dimorphic, outer 2 smaller than inner6 KB (463 words) - 23:08, 5 November 2020
- While awns are present in most species, length varies from a short, translucent apiculus to exceeding the length of the lamina. Awns can be flat or terete8 KB (825 words) - 22:25, 5 November 2020
- tube 7–14 mm, length 1–2 times calyx, glandular or eglandular, limb to 10–25 mm diam., lobes 5–10 mm, apex emarginate. Capsules ovoid, length 1 times calyx5 KB (410 words) - 18:16, 6 November 2020
- tinged in C. pumilum and C. regelii), clawed, blade apex 2-fid 1/5–1/2 of length, notched, or emarginate; nectaries at base of filaments opposite sepals;15 KB (867 words) - 23:09, 5 November 2020
- sepals may counter or exaggerate the effect, by being equal or unequal in length on either side of a flower. In some species, the distal portion of the hypanthium21 KB (1,465 words) - 23:41, 5 November 2020
- below mid length, apex acute to acuminate. Calyces colored as bracts, 5–20 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 4.7–15 mm, 33–90% of calyx length, slightly deeper5 KB (525 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- and adaxial clefts 6–22 mm, 33–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2–7 mm, 15–25% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate or oblong, apex acute to5 KB (503 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- 5–9(–12) mm, clefts 30–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral (1–)1.5–4(–5) mm, 10–25% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate to oblong, abaxials5 KB (521 words) - 19:14, 6 November 2020
- bracteate. Flowers: hypanthium partially adnate to proximal 1/2 to entire length of ovary, free from ovary 1–2 mm, green; sepals 5, green tinged with red;8 KB (417 words) - 23:41, 5 November 2020
- absent, coronal appendages absent, blade apex dentate or fimbriate to 1/2 of length; nectaries at filament bases; stamens 10, adnate with petals to carpophore;8 KB (813 words) - 23:10, 5 November 2020
- base; internodes hollow. Sheaths open, margins overlapping for most of their length; collars without tufts of hair on the sides; auricles absent; ligules membranous4 KB (400 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
- sometimes flowers solitary, bracteolate. Flowers: hypanthium adnate ± entire length of ovary, free from ovary to 1.5 mm, green, greenish white, or greenish9 KB (683 words) - 23:42, 5 November 2020
- or longer than limb. > 4 4 Style branches each divided for about 1/2 its length, filiform throughout. > 5 4 Style branches each simple or apically notched10 KB (643 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
- stipules either free from or adnate to base of leaf blade for less than ½ length of stipule, if adnate, then extending past adnation as free ligule; blade18 KB (1,124 words) - 21:31, 5 November 2020
- 1 Lip orifice a longitudinal fissure, length of lip; leaves 2, radical, stem a leafless scape. Cypripedium acaule 1 Lip orifice basal, 4–37 mm; leaves8 KB (293 words) - 22:11, 5 November 2020
- 4-angled, often tapering at each end, dehiscent 1/2 to throughout their length; sessile. Seeds usually numerous, in 2 rows per locule, usually obovoid5 KB (564 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
- stoloniferous. Sheaths closed for 1/10-1/3 their length. Panicles 2-25(30) cm. Spikelets more or less terete, lengths 3.5-5 times widths, narrowly lanceolate to2 KB (212 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- straight or slightly curved, promptly dehiscent 1/2 to throughout their length. Seeds obovoid, rounded or sharply angled. 2n = 14 (28). w United States5 KB (275 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
- old very dark brown to black, ± slender, (1.5–)2–3(–5) cm. Leaves: petiole length 20–50(–55)% blade, glabrous, sparsely to densely sessile-glandular, sometimes11 KB (708 words) - 00:00, 6 November 2020
- adaxial clefts 2–5 mm, 30–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1.5–2.5 mm, 25–30% of calyx length; lobes linear-lanceolate to narrowly triangular4 KB (369 words) - 19:14, 6 November 2020
- Sterile leaves 4–10 × 1.4–2.5 cm. Petiole green to straw-colored, 1/2–3/4 length of leaf, ca. 0.3 mm wide, glabrous. Blade deltate, 2-pinnate, papery to2 KB (224 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
- Costae less than 1/2 leaf length, not obscure distally, sometimes double, rarely nearly ecostate > 10 9 Costae more than 1/2 leaf length to percurrent, often9 KB (704 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
- of a combination of characters, notably awn length, length of callus hairs relative to the lemma, glume length and scabrosity, panicle size, and leaf width19 KB (1,368 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
- swollen or not; perianth campanulate; tepals 4–5, connate 1/4–2/3 their length; stamens 5–8; styles deciduous, 2–3, included or exserted (exserted syles10 KB (422 words) - 23:08, 5 November 2020
- gradually tapered or acuminate, occasionally piliferous; costa to 40–80% leaf length, moderate to somewhat stout, terminal spine present or absent; alar cells12 KB (633 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
- grappling-hook trichomes have a tapered stalk that is retrorsely barbed along its length and capped usually by four retrorse barbs. Needlelike trichomes have swollen18 KB (556 words) - 20:18, 5 November 2020
- persistent; hila linear, almost as long as the caryopses; embryos 1/5 – 1/3 the length of the caryopses. x = 10 or 11. Mont., Oreg., Ariz., Idaho, Wash., S.Dak22 KB (1,566 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
- rarely obovate, slightly 8-plicate at mouth to strongly 8-ribbed entire length or rarely smooth, mouth puckered or capsule ± constricted below mouth; stomata7 KB (514 words) - 22:33, 5 November 2020
- closed, glabrous or pubescent abaxially; tepals (5–)6, connate 2/3 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic, entire, emarginate, or lobed to laciniate apically;17 KB (840 words) - 23:15, 5 November 2020
- dimorphic; fertile leaves erect, often notably smaller than sterile leaves in length and width. Blades 1–2-pinnate; pinnae monomorphic to dimorphic, pinnatifid2 KB (112 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
- base of lip less than 1/3 length of lip; flowers chasmogamous. Corallorhiza striata 2 Callus at base of lip greater than 1/3 length of lip; flowers cleistogamous5 KB (333 words) - 22:12, 5 November 2020
- blade, equitant, sword-shaped, larger than 1.5 cm; venation parallel along length of leaf. Inflorescences: spadices, from 3-angled axis (peduncle fused with4 KB (374 words) - 21:30, 5 November 2020
- absent. Leaves monomorphic, usually dying back in winter. Petiole ± 0.5 times length of blade or less, base swollen and dentate, persisting as trophopod over3 KB (292 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
- bases to appendages, appendages usually terete to clavate (lengths often 2–5+ times lengths of stigmatic lines), usually papillate. Cypselae usually ±13 KB (623 words) - 21:08, 5 November 2020
- nodes terete or weakly compressed. Sheaths closed for (1/6)1/4 – 3/5 their length, terete to slightly compressed, smooth or sparsely scabrous, usually glabrous4 KB (435 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- hair-point present or absent; costa single, moderately strong, 2/3 leaf length to subpercurrent, opaque, not or weakly sinuate; alar cells transversely6 KB (444 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
- reflexed to form confluent, poorly defined, false indusia extending entire length of segment. Veins of ultimate segments free or rarely anastomosing, usually11 KB (613 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
- yellow. Disc florets 15–200+, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow, tubes length 1/4–1/3 ± funnelform throats (usually glabrous), lobes 5, spreading, triangular8 KB (617 words) - 21:06, 5 November 2020
- serrulate distally; apex acuminate; costa double, short or to 2/3 leaf length; alar cells not differentiated, or shorter, wider than basal cells; laminal6 KB (432 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
- ovate; margins recurved at least basally, crenulate-papillose; costa 3/4 leaf length to subpercurrent; laminal cells ± quadrate, multipapillose [1-papillose]4 KB (256 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
- autoicous or paroicous; perigonial leaves ovate-lanceolate, to 1/5 stem leaf length, apex acute; perichaetial leaves scarcely differentiated; archegonia scattered4 KB (389 words) - 22:34, 5 November 2020
- ovary glabrous, subtended by calyxlike structure; styles connate 1/8–1/2 length, 2-fid apically. Seeds: caruncle absent. se United States, South America5 KB (375 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
- in adaxial crescent, partially encircling areoles, of equal length or decreasing in length from apex; inner tepals of uniform color or with bases of different29 KB (779 words) - 22:57, 5 November 2020
- achene and all structures attached and subsequently shed with it. A total length measure begins at the pedicellar joint (nearly always very contracted) and33 KB (1,224 words) - 14:02, 19 March 2024
- chestnut brown, medium to stout, (2–)3–6.5 cm. Leaves: petiole usually short, length 0–18(–31)% blade, usually glabrous, sometimes villous or glabrescent, usually7 KB (683 words) - 00:00, 6 November 2020
- recurved and forming confluent, poorly defined false indusia extending entire length of segment. Veins of ultimate segments free, usually obscure, pinnately6 KB (486 words) - 21:25, 5 November 2020
- least at the base and forming a disk, frequently to more than 1/2 their length and forming a cupule; disarticulation at the base of the fascicles. Spikelets7 KB (488 words) - 18:56, 11 May 2021
- along their length. Rhizomes of all other species are coarse, thick, and long creeping and form lines of shoots regularly along their entire length. Eurasian6 KB (479 words) - 21:41, 5 November 2020
- short–acuminate, apiculate, or rarely long-acuminate; costa to 60–80% leaf length, moderate to somewhat stout, terminal abaxial spine usually present, indistinct5 KB (367 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
- bractlets 8–14 × 2–6 mm, 3/4 to exceeding calyx length > 2 1 Involucellar bractlets 3–10 × 1 mm, 1/3–2/3 calyx length > 3 2 Involucellar bractlets lanceolate-ovate6 KB (416 words) - 23:21, 5 November 2020
- abaxial 33–50% of calyx length, adaxial ca. 50% of calyx length, all 4 clefts subequal, lateral 5–7 mm, 33% of calyx length. Corollas 14–22 mm; beak adaxially3 KB (305 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- Inflorescences 10–20 cm; bract lanceolate, 1.2–3 times flower length; bracteoles linear, 0.5–1 times flower length. Flowers bell- or funnel-shaped, 3–4 mm; hypanthium4 KB (476 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
- less to ca. 1/2 overall length of tepals; tepals similar; stamens 6, epitepalous; filaments erect, dilated their entire length, conate into a nectariferous3 KB (239 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
- margins recurved at least proximally, crenulate-papillose; costa 3/4 leaf length; laminal cells rhombic to oblong-hexagonal, 1-papillose on both surfaces3 KB (246 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
- abaxial ca. 33% of calyx length, adaxial ca. 66% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 3–5.5 mm, 33% of calyx length; lobes ± linear, slender4 KB (435 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- ascending or ± spreading, narrowly lanceolate to oblong, medium length, arising near or above mid length, apex acuminate to acute, sometimes obtuse. Calyces whitish4 KB (456 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- abaxial 45–60% of calyx length, adaxial 15–40% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1–4 mm, 5–15% of calyx length; lobes narrowly triangular4 KB (386 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- nearly the entire length of the stipule. The few species of Potamogeton with adnate stipules have the adnation less than half the length of the stipule,6 KB (448 words) - 21:30, 5 November 2020
- branched stems, usually similar to basal, subtending each branch, decreasing in length distally, sometimes bracteiform and sheathing stem. Inflorescences rhipidiate16 KB (1,109 words) - 22:17, 5 November 2020
- numerous, hypogynous, free, spirally arranged; filaments very short to 1/2 length of anthers; anthers introrse, latrorse, or extrorse, longitudinally dehiscent;6 KB (468 words) - 23:05, 4 February 2022
- > 12 12 Leaf blade margins dentate to denticulate or serrulate most of length, teeth 5–31. > 13 13 Leaves crowded, blades elliptic to obovate, marginal13 KB (338 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
- brown to blackish, usually shiny, usually slender, 2.5–5 cm. Leaves: petiole length (16–)30–55% blade, glabrous, sometimes pubescent young, eglandular or sparsely6 KB (491 words) - 00:00, 6 November 2020
- maturity, 3-7-veined, margins flat, separated and parallel for their whole length at maturity, apices not lobed or lobed, glabrous or hairy, hairs about 07 KB (591 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
- more than 1/3 blade length. Delphinium sutherlandii 16 Lower petals blue to purple; lower petal blade clefts at least 1/3 blade length. Delphinium nuttallianum10 KB (408 words) - 22:46, 5 November 2020
- extravaginal, or both. Culms 5-60(70) cm. Sheaths closed for 1/7 – 4/5 their length, terete, distal sheaths longer than their blades; innovation blades sometimes3 KB (338 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- and extravaginal. Culms (5)7-70 cm. Sheaths closed for 1/3 - 7/10 their length, terete or weakly keeled, distal sheaths usually longer than their blades;3 KB (316 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- distally; apex acuminate or acute; costa double or obscure, usually to 1/4 leaf length; alar cells often differentiated, quadrate, subquadrate, triangular, or13 KB (653 words) - 22:38, 5 November 2020
- proximal pair of pinnae), (15–)22–45 × 8–16 cm. Petiole straw-colored, 1/2–2/3 length of leaf, ca. 1 mm wide, glabrate. Blade deltate-lanceolate, 1-pinnate, somewhat2 KB (157 words) - 21:21, 5 November 2020
- usually 0-1 exserted, top node at 1/10-1/3 the culm length. Sheaths closed for 1/10 – 1/5 their length, terete, bases of basal sheaths glabrous or sparsely6 KB (711 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- doubling the width measured on scales folded along the midrib; and achene length does not include the tubercle, which is often included in descriptions published13 KB (1,284 words) - 21:44, 5 November 2020
- 1/4-3/4 their length, terete, smooth or scabrous, glabrous, bases of basal sheaths glabrous, distal sheath lengths 1.6-10 times blade lengths; collars smooth7 KB (610 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- of the endostome, often evanescent and not seen, rarely more than 1/4 the length of the teeth or absent; operculum nearly plane to conic-convex or domed8 KB (605 words) - 22:25, 5 November 2020
- apically or pubescent; distal scales acuminate or with awn less than 1/2 length of body. Perigynia usually ascending, brownish, veinless or to 28-veined9 KB (501 words) - 21:43, 5 November 2020
- should be examined because they are the most representative. Perigynium beak length reported here is the distance from the achene summit (as viewed through6 KB (361 words) - 21:41, 5 November 2020
- occasionally pubescent abaxially; tepals connate proximally 1/4–1/3 their length, monomorphic; stamens exserted; filaments pilose proximally or glabrous6 KB (397 words) - 23:13, 5 November 2020
- sclerodermis absent, central strand absent; axillary hairs to ca. 5 cells in length, proximal cell walls sometimes thickened. Stem leaves strongly appressed5 KB (554 words) - 22:29, 5 November 2020
- contiguous to leaf insertion on abaxial side; axillary hairs minute, 2–3 cells in length, basal cell small, apical cell enlarged, ± clavate; paraphyllia none; pseudoparaphyllia5 KB (485 words) - 22:27, 5 November 2020
- adaxial clefts (6–)10–17 mm, 50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral (1–)3–6(–10) mm, 35% of calyx length; lobes slender, triangular, apex acute4 KB (450 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- spreading-ascending, linear-lanceolate, short to medium length, arising at or above mid length, apex acute. Calyces pale cream to pale greenish yellow4 KB (409 words) - 20:39, 6 November 2020
- abaxial 21–37% of calyx length, adaxial 28–51% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1.5–3.5(–5) mm, 8–18% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate to triangular4 KB (385 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- (4–)6–8 mm, abaxial ca. 50% of calyx length, adaxial ca. 75% of calyx length, lateral 3–3.5 mm, 33% of calyx length; lobes linear to narrowly triangular4 KB (437 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- lobes spreading or ascending, narrowly lanceolate, medium length, arising at or above mid length, sometimes wavy-margined, apex obtuse to acute. Calyces4 KB (385 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- adaxial clefts 6.6–14 mm, 33–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0–4(–4.5) mm, 0–15% of calyx length; lobes broadly rounded to triangular, apex5 KB (585 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- obovate, 3–5-lobed; lobes ascending, linear, medium length to long, arising at or below mid length, apex acute to obtuse. Calyces colored as bracts, 17–22(–24)4 KB (403 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- ascending, lanceolate to triangular, short and medium length, usually arising at or above mid length, rarely below, apex acute. Calyces proximally green4 KB (433 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- spreading when dry, spreading to subsecund when moist; costa to 1/2–4/5 leaf length; laminal cells smooth; basal cells bulging; medial and distal cells 30–564 KB (347 words) - 22:35, 5 November 2020
- and adaxial clefts 4.7–10 mm, 90% of calyx length, all 4 clefts subequal, lateral 3–6 mm, 50% of calyx length. Corollas 17–20 mm; beak adaxially pink or4 KB (342 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- ending just before apex, or branched to 2-fid and ending 1/2–9/10 leaf length; alar cells differentiated, rectangular to long-rectangular, strongly inflated6 KB (496 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
- inflorescence length; bracts straw-colored, apex truncate, lacerate, glabrous or pubescent; bracteoles lance-ovate, 1/3–1/2 tepal length; pedicels single3 KB (241 words) - 21:31, 5 November 2020
- twisted together above a pale, tessellated basal membrane 1/6–2/3 the total length of the peristome. Calyptra long-cucullate, acute, yellow or brown. Spores9 KB (614 words) - 22:29, 5 November 2020
- Culms 10-150 cm, erect, glabrous. Sheaths usually closed for up to 1/5 their length; auricles absent; ligules membranous, obtuse, erose or lacerate; blades4 KB (376 words) - 17:26, 11 May 2021
- apiculate or piliferous; costa single or sometimes double, 1/2–3/4 leaf length, sometimes spurred or 2-fid; alar cells quadrate or subrectangular; laminal4 KB (418 words) - 22:33, 5 November 2020
- oblong-ovate, to rhombic, mainly 4–7 mm, length 1–2 times width. > 25 24 Pinnae oblong-lanceolate to oblong, mainly 6–10 mm, length 3–5 times width. > 28 25 Rachises10 KB (249 words) - 21:22, 5 November 2020
- their length, terete, glabrous, smooth or sparsely scabrous, bases of basal sheaths glabrous, distal sheath lengths 1.4-4(5.3) times blade lengths; collars8 KB (787 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
- occasionally forked in some leaves, extending to three quarters of the leaf length to percurrent; leaf cell papillae tending to be relatively small and inconspicuous4 KB (223 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
- lanceolate, basally connate to connate for 2 1/2 length [or in groups of 2 or 3 segments connate for nearly entire length], often bearing thread-like fibers between6 KB (478 words) - 21:31, 5 November 2020
- rounded, emarginate, or subemarginate); stamens (6, rarely 4), equal in length; filaments not dilated basally; anthers ovate, oblong, or linear, (apex17 KB (925 words) - 23:35, 5 November 2020
- or elliptic, margins slightly to strongly revolute, distal 2/3 to whole length evenly incised 1/2–3/4+ to midvein, teeth 2–8 per side, surfaces ± to strongly10 KB (768 words) - 23:55, 5 November 2020
- Capsule long-exserted, elliptic-oblong to fusiform, strongly 8-ribbed entire length, not constricted below mouth; stomata superficial; peristome double, single4 KB (351 words) - 22:33, 5 November 2020
- hebecarpus); nectary scale attached basally, free from petal for at least 1/2 its length, forming flap covering nectary, glabrous, free margin entire; style present4 KB (254 words) - 22:45, 5 November 2020
- terete or weakly compressed. Sheaths closed for (1/20)1/3 to about their full length, terete or weakly keeled, basal sheaths readily deteriorating; ligules 03 KB (335 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
- cuneate to obovate, margins flat to ± revolute, distal 1/4 to nearly whole length evenly to unevenly incised 1/4 to nearly to midvein, teeth (1–)2–10(–12)11 KB (733 words) - 23:55, 5 November 2020
- from D. sordidus by a different ratio of medial laminal cell length (/um) to leaf length (mm), 17.9–24.4 (23.3–36.5 in D. sordidus). Hedenäs, L. 1996.8 KB (649 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
- elliptic, oblong-elliptic, suborbiculate, or obovate, 3–16 mm, length 1.2–2.5 times length, usually scabridulous, rarely glabrous, rigid, margins not thickened4 KB (183 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
- similar to the lemmas and almost as long; panicles usually over 1/2 the length of the culms, extremely diffuse Agrostis nebulosa 2 Lemmas 1.2-2.5 mm long26 KB (1,459 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- not rhizomatous. Culms 5-100 cm. Sheaths closed for 1/10 – 1/5(1/4) their length, terete; ligules 2-6 mm, apices acute to acuminate; blades 1-5 mm wide.3 KB (241 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- annulus present or absent; peristome teeth 8–16, entire or divided 1/2 their length, articulate. Calyptra cucullate or mitrate, smooth, rarely fringed at base4 KB (426 words) - 22:27, 5 November 2020
- funnelform to salverform to semicampanulate, tube straight to curved, ca. same length as limb lobes; stamens inserted on perianth tube throat; filaments thin3 KB (223 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
- 0.5–1 mm. Berries 14–30 mm. Seeds elongate, 13–15 mm; hilum ca. 1/3 seed length. 2n = 52. Phenology: Flowering mostly late summer (sporadic throughout year)2 KB (192 words) - 23:44, 5 November 2020
- ciliate edges; internodes 3.5-12(15) mm. Spikelets 1/2 - 33/4 times the length of the rachis internodes, usually sessile, sometimes pedicellate, pedicels14 KB (1,162 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
- mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 7–14 mm, 50% of calyx length, lateral 7–8 mm, 33–50% of calyx length; lobe apex acuminate. Corollas 26–31 mm; tube 9–14 mm;3 KB (216 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- adaxial clefts 6.5–15 mm, 75% of calyx length, often deeper than laterals, lateral 6.5–8 mm, 40–60% of calyx length. Corollas 18–29 mm; beak adaxially pink3 KB (339 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- usually arising near or above mid length. Calyces with all 4 clefts subequal; lateral clefts 2–3 mm, 20% of calyx length. Corollas 14–21 mm; beak pale to3 KB (310 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- 18–25 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 13 mm, 50% of calyx length, lateral 5–8 mm, 30% of calyx length; lobe apex acute to obtuse. Corollas 34–41 mm; tube 17–222 KB (211 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- Flora of North America Association Trophophore stalk 4–20 cm, 2–2.5 times length of trophophore rachis; blade green to dark green, plane, 2–3-pinnate, to3 KB (277 words) - 21:25, 5 November 2020
- oblong, 12–14 mm, arising above mid length. Calyces with all 4 clefts subequal; lateral clefts 5–5.5 mm, 40% of calyx length. Corollas 15–22 mm; beak pink to3 KB (257 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- 20–23 mm, usually arising above mid length. Calyces with all 4 clefts subequal; lateral clefts 3 mm, ca. 15% of calyx length. Corollas 21–24 mm; beak pink or3 KB (296 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- 3–6 mm, 45–75% of calyx length. Corollas light to bright yellow, 14–26 mm; tube 13–22 mm. Anthers: proximal pollen sac to 1/3 length of distal. Phenology:2 KB (180 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- mm, 30–35% of calyx length. Corollas yellow, sometimes orange, 11–18 mm; tube 10–13 mm. Anthers: proximal pollen sac ca. 1/2 length of distal. Phenology:3 KB (231 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- disarticulating only under pressure. Spikelets 10-25(40) mm, usually 1-3 times the length of the internodes, appressed to ascending, with 2-9 florets, the distal12 KB (1,118 words) - 17:23, 11 May 2021
- 3-9-veined, unawned or awned; lower lemmas similar to the upper glumes in length, shape, venation, and pubescence, unawned; lower paleas absent to fully8 KB (456 words) - 18:56, 11 May 2021
- running to base, but in some species dehiscing only ca. 1/4–1/2 capsule length; carpophore absent. Seeds ca. 125, light tan to dark or reddish brown, obliquely8 KB (454 words) - 23:10, 5 November 2020
- obscuring rachis. Flowers bisexual; sepals distinct to connate over 1/2 length, usually symmetric; petals with claws adherent to subconnate petal, forming2 KB (165 words) - 13:28, 13 April 2022
- conic; hypanthium length ± equaling calyptra. Eucalyptus camaldulensis 14 Calyptrae of flowers conic-acuminate or horn-shaped; hypanthium length 2–3 times shorter8 KB (511 words) - 23:49, 2 December 2022
- glumes unawned or shortly awned; lower lemmas similar to the upper glumes in length and texture, unawned or awned, awns to 60 mm; lower paleas vestigial to15 KB (1,345 words) - 18:55, 11 May 2021
- glabrous (rarely tomentose) adaxially; tepals connate proximally 1/5–1/2 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic; stamens included or exserted; filaments glabrous23 KB (667 words) - 23:13, 5 November 2020
- Culms 10-40 cm. Leaves mostly basal; sheaths closed for 1/8 – 2/7 their length, terete, basal sheaths persistent, overlapping, bases usually not swollen;5 KB (525 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- adaxial clefts 3–7 mm, 25–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1–3(–4) mm, 8–20% of calyx length; lobes triangular, adaxial segments longer4 KB (396 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- adaxial clefts 5.5–8.5 mm, 30–40% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1.5–4 mm, 20–25% of calyx length; lobes oblong to narrowly triangular, apex4 KB (390 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- and adaxial clefts 8–12 mm, 50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0.5–3 mm, 5–15% of calyx length; lobes short-triangular, apex obtuse, rounded4 KB (474 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- adaxial clefts 12–19 mm, 45–65% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 7–11 mm, 25–32% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate, narrowly triangular, or4 KB (469 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- and adaxial clefts 8–15 mm, 60–75% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2.5–3 mm, 20% of calyx length; lobes linear to very narrowly triangular4 KB (468 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- adaxial clefts 10–17 mm, 60–70% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral (2–)5–8 mm, 20–25% of calyx length; lobes narrowly oblong to lanceolate, apex4 KB (511 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- blade ovate, oblong, elliptic, deltate, or lanceolate, 0.9–5.2 × 0.2–2.9 cm, length 0.8–7.1 times width, margins crenate, serrate, dentate, repand-denticulate5 KB (435 words) - 18:12, 6 November 2020
- their length, terete, smooth or scabrous, glabrous or occasionally retrorsely pubescent, bases of basal sheaths glabrous, distal sheath lengths usually6 KB (605 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- broadly campanulate, 5-angled, glabrous or stellate-hairy, lobes not reflexed, length ± equaling tube; petals 5, pink, rose, or purple, sometimes turning white7 KB (624 words) - 23:44, 5 November 2020
- anthocyanic). Flowers actinomorphic; sepals persistent, connate basally (ca. 1/4 of length) [distinct], equal (each often subtending a nectary); petals equal; stamens5 KB (307 words) - 23:32, 5 November 2020
- Petals 6–13 mm, length 2 times calyx; mericarps hairy, smooth to slightly roughened or reticulate. Malva neglecta 10 Petals 3–6 mm, length subequal to or8 KB (453 words) - 23:21, 5 November 2020
- lines; capsules straight or sometimes curved upward, dehiscent 1/2 their length. Oenothera sect. Kleinia 5 Seeds in 1 row per locule, obovoid, surface minutely18 KB (1,909 words) - 17:56, 2 December 2022
- linear, lanceolate, or lanceolate-acuminate, short to medium length, arising at or near mid length, apex obtuse to acute, central lobes sometimes rounded. Calyces5 KB (458 words) - 19:15, 6 November 2020
- to lanceolate, oblong, or oblanceolate, short or medium length, arising near or above mid length, central lobe apex obtuse, rounded, or truncate, lateral6 KB (581 words) - 19:16, 6 November 2020
- abaxial ca. 30% of calyx length, adaxial ca. 40% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1–4 mm, ca. 15% of calyx length; lobes oblong or ovate to5 KB (584 words) - 20:39, 6 November 2020
- strigose and sparsely glandular abaxially; tepals 6, connate 1/4–1/3 their length, monomorphic, entire or rarely irregularly divided apically; stamens 9;3 KB (324 words) - 23:15, 5 November 2020
- straight to curved; margins recurved on both sides to 1/2–3/4 the leaf length, sometimes to the apex, variously 1–2(–4)-stratose in 1–3(–6) cell rows;5 KB (323 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
- rarely red, campanulate, glabrous; tepals 5, connate proximally ca. 1/5 their length, petaloid, monomorphic or slightly dimorphic, outer larger than inner; stamens5 KB (348 words) - 23:08, 5 November 2020
- mm, length 2–4 times bracts, flexuous. Flowers heterostylous or homostylous; calyx green, urceolate, 4–6 mm; corolla rose-pink, tube 4–6 mm, length 1–13 KB (328 words) - 18:19, 6 November 2020
- sparsely glandular-pubescent. Leaves: petiole length 1/3–1/2 blade; blade ovate to lanceolate, 10–19(–25) cm, length 2–3 times width, base rounded to cordate5 KB (476 words) - 20:32, 5 November 2020
- (peduncles ± scapiform, usually bearing 2+ leaves or bracts proximally or at mid length). Involucres mostly campanulate or turbinate to hemispheric, 11–30+ mm diam9 KB (502 words) - 21:10, 5 November 2020
- petiole absent or present, glands usually absent (tack-shaped glands along length in A. adenophora); blade unlobed, margins entire or serrate-dentate, laminar9 KB (598 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
- translucent in S. borealis), not clawed, blade apex 2-fid usually for 2/3–4/5 its length (S. holostea occasionally laciniate); nectaries at base of filaments opposite16 KB (807 words) - 23:09, 5 November 2020
- papillose, mostly glabrous adaxially; tepals connate proximally 1/4–1/2 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic; stamens included or exserted; filaments glabrous14 KB (457 words) - 23:14, 5 November 2020
- or both the lemma and palea attached; hila oblong, about 1/3 or less the length of the caryopses. x = 7. N.C., Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Va., W.Va., Del17 KB (1,082 words) - 16:08, 1 December 2021
- abaxial 40–70% of calyx length, adaxial 12–33% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0–7.5 mm, 0–35% of calyx length; lobes linear to narrowly5 KB (493 words) - 20:25, 5 November 2020
- ca. 50% of calyx length, adaxial ca. 67% of calyx length, at least adaxial deeper than others, lateral 2.5–9 mm, 15–45% of calyx length; lobes linear (to5 KB (536 words) - 19:17, 6 November 2020
- cm wide at mid-length; inflorescence simple or with 1–5 lateral branches Tillandsia bartramii 14 Leaves 20–50, 0.5–1 cm wide at mid-length; inflorescence7 KB (252 words) - 21:32, 5 November 2020
- terete. Sheaths usually closed for 1/5 - 3/5 their length, hybrids sometimes closed for 1/10 – 1/5 their length, terete, smooth or sparsely scabrous; ligules3 KB (394 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- curved. Spikelets 3–6 × 1–1.5 mm; proximal scale 1/2 or less of spikelet length; floral scales 6–25 per spikelet, mostly bright orange-brown, sometimes5 KB (582 words) - 21:38, 5 November 2020
- about as broad or sometimes broader, often subhastately lobed, united 1/2 of length, entire or with few teeth on each side, tuberculate on 1 or both faces.5 KB (373 words) - 23:00, 5 November 2020
- spikelet at all or most nodes; internodes 5-30 mm. Spikelets 1-3 times the length of the middle internodes, solitary, appressed to ascending, often diamond-shaped6 KB (529 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
- anthesis; styles 2, apical, elongate, filiform, stigmatic for 1/3 – 1/2 of their length; stigmatic hairs short, often sparse. Caryopses slightly compressed laterally4 KB (306 words) - 18:59, 11 May 2021
- swollen or not; perianth campanulate; tepals 4–5, connate 1/4–1/2 their length; stamens 5–8; styles deciduous, 2–3, included or, rarely, exserted, erect4 KB (267 words) - 23:08, 5 November 2020
- forked in most leaves, extending to mid leaf or three quarters of the leaf length; leaf cell papillae comparatively large and conspicuous in the distal part3 KB (227 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
- fan-shaped, length greater than 1.5 times width. Clarkia biloba subsp. australis 1 Petals lavender to pale or purplish pink, broadly fan-shaped, length not greater4 KB (291 words) - 11:32, 9 May 2022
- to costae, 1 per side, normally uninterrupted, linear, continuous along length of costa. Spores with perine smooth to variously winged or rugose. x = 283 KB (164 words) - 21:25, 5 November 2020
- indistinct, without and with paraphyses, respectively, archegonia about 1/2 length of paraphyses; antheridia and archegonia few. Sporophytes single. Seta short3 KB (230 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
- petals bright pink, usually white-streaked, narrowly fan-shaped, 10–30 mm, length 2 times width, tapered to a ± distinct claw, lobes ± equal or middle lobe4 KB (253 words) - 11:32, 9 May 2022
- present [or absent] as multicellular gemmae, 1- to 2-seriate, to 7 cells in length, borne on surface of leaves. Sexual condition autoicous; perichaetial leaves3 KB (310 words) - 22:27, 5 November 2020
- fertile pinnae) 17–60 cm. Petiole straw-colored to chestnut brown, 1/2–2/3 length of leaf, 1–1.4 mm wide, hirsute to glabrous. Blade deltate, 3-pinnate, leathery3 KB (195 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
- lip and petals that diverge only near apex, forming tube for most of their length, the flower thus appearing closed Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment4 KB (374 words) - 22:11, 5 November 2020
- Plants annual. Culms 3-40 cm, geniculate. Sheaths open for most of their length; auricles present, often inconspicuous; ligules 0.4-2 mm, membranous, truncate;4 KB (403 words) - 17:23, 11 May 2021
- arising below mid length. Calyces with all 4 clefts subequal or lateral clefts shallower; lateral clefts 2–3 mm, 25% of calyx length. Corollas 14–21 mm;3 KB (321 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- abaxial and adaxial clefts 4–9 mm, 33–50% of calyx length, lateral 2.5–5 mm, 12–20% of calyx length; lobe apex acute to acuminate. Corollas 25–35 mm; tube4 KB (347 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- Flora of North America Association Trophophore stalk 3–15 cm, 1.5–2.5 times length of trophophore rachis; blade shiny green, often bronze in winter, plane4 KB (364 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
- present. Staminate flowers: sepals 5, white, petaloid, imbricate, connate 1/2 length; petals 0; nectary intrastaminal, annular; stamens [8–]10[–25] in 2[–6]4 KB (357 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
- acuminate; costa single, double, or rarely triple, sometimes 2-fid, 1/3–3/4 leaf length; alar cells not differentiated; laminal cells smooth. Branch leaves ovate4 KB (307 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
- sometimes lax to flaccid, 3–4-sided in cross section, ca. 2/3 or less as wide as length of scalelike leaves. Leaves green but sometimes turning reddish brown in4 KB (290 words) - 17:56, 6 November 2020
- abaxial and adaxial clefts (4–)5–8(–10) mm, 33% of calyx length, lateral 3–5(–7) mm, 10–25% of calyx length; lobe apex acute, rarely obtuse. Corollas 16–22 mm;4 KB (289 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- pinkish brown. Sheaths of aerial leaves usually closed for over 1/2 their length, sometimes open to the base, opaque, green to olive-green, glabrous; collars4 KB (391 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- subulate-linear to lanceolate [spatulate]; petals 5, (often recurving), connate 1/2 length, cream or yellow to orange, broadly ovate to oblong-ovate, oblong-elliptic11 KB (1,026 words) - 23:23, 5 November 2020
- racemose on the rachises, 1-sided, usually spikelet-bearing throughout their length, spikelets in 2 rows, axes terminating in a functional spikelet, lower branches9 KB (646 words) - 18:59, 11 May 2021
- laminal cells rectangular, (short-rectangular in P. pseudotriquetrum), same length as medial, sometimes longer; distal cells rhomboidal to hexagonal, not lax10 KB (356 words) - 22:34, 5 November 2020
- 2 times style length; seeds dark reddish brown Luzula wahlenbergii 5 Proximal inflorescence bract 0.8–1.5 cm; stigmas 5 times style length; seeds light3 KB (149 words) - 22:40, 22 April 2022
- 10–17 vague fascicles, falling separately; filaments slightly variable in length; anthers dorsifixed, not versatile; ovary globose to conic, shallowly 5-lobed13 KB (1,221 words) - 23:45, 5 November 2020
- their length; lateral lobes sometimes awned. > 17 16 Lemmas of the sterile or staminate florets not bilobed or lobed less than 1/4 of their length; lateral16 KB (728 words) - 16:26, 24 May 2023
- usually curving upward from near bases, sometimes subspheric, subequal in length, glabrous, strongly tuberculate, sometimes appearing ribbed; areoles ± circular6 KB (346 words) - 22:57, 5 November 2020
- internodes above or below. Spikelets solitary at each node, 72-2(3) times the length of the internodes, tangential to the rachis, appressed or ascending, the6 KB (515 words) - 17:23, 11 May 2021
- ; leaf sinus ca. 1/2 length of midrib. Nuphar rubrodisca 3 Leaf blade more than 2 times as long as wide; sinus less than 1/3 length of midrib. > 4 3 Leaf7 KB (521 words) - 22:52, 5 November 2020
- connate proximally or ± distinct; placentation axile (when connate 1/2+ their length) or appearing marginal; styles 2; stigmas 2. Capsules 2(–3)-beaked (± folliclelike17 KB (1,070 words) - 23:42, 5 November 2020
- oblong; styles 1–2(–3), distinct or often connate proximally 1/10–9/10 of length, subcapitate to filiform, 0.07–3.2 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 2(–3)15 KB (924 words) - 23:11, 5 November 2020
- adaxial clefts 6–15 mm, 33–75% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0.5–4 mm, 5–20% of calyx length; lobes linear to narrowly triangular or narrowly5 KB (464 words) - 19:16, 6 November 2020
- characters, that will consistently distinguish them from each other. Glume length works in this Flora because of the species involved, but it is not generally3 KB (170 words) - 18:59, 11 May 2021
- 1-year old dark gray, usually ± slender, 2–4 cm. Leaves: petiole 1 cm, length 10–20% blade, unwinged part often short or absent, pubescent, eglandular;7 KB (590 words) - 19:09, 6 November 2020
- glabrate, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only5 KB (368 words) - 19:11, 6 November 2020
- 1-55 cm, erect to decumbent. Leaves cauline; sheaths open for most of their length, glabrous, usually scabridulous, occasionally smooth; auricles absent; ligules4 KB (374 words) - 21:36, 8 December 2021
- long-acuminate, subulate to piliferous, rarely blunt; costa single, 1/3–2/3 leaf length, terminal spine sometimes present, small; alar cells quadrate in several3 KB (264 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
- hairs; hairs basally attached, thin, unbranched, 2/3 to nearly equal to length of achene. Temperate regions, North America, Europe, and Asia. Genus 1,4 KB (446 words) - 22:50, 5 November 2020
- nitens 7 Panicle branches strongly ascending to appressed; glumes subequal in length and similar in shape Melica altissima 1 Spikelets disarticulating above12 KB (791 words) - 18:29, 28 May 2021
- connate proximally; styles 3, occasionally 2, connate proximally for 1/2 of length, rarely to nearly distinct (D. cordata), filiform, 0.1–0.3 mm, glabrous7 KB (508 words) - 23:09, 5 November 2020
- to linear-triangular, barbellate or erose-fimbrillate scales (0.3–1.4 mm, length 5–20% longer inner), inner 2–3 series of 25–50 light tan to light rust,8 KB (625 words) - 21:03, 5 November 2020
- mm, adaxial 7–9 mm, clefts 33+% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1.5–4 mm, ca. 10% of calyx length; lobes linear-lanceolate, apex acute. Corollas4 KB (399 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- Flowers: petals 5; stamens [12–]14–22[–26], filaments connate basally to 1/3 length in groups, densely hairy proximally; ovary densely hairy; styles densely2 KB (138 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
- pinkish red, glaucous [or not]; sepals persistent; carpels distinct most of length, apex convex. w North America, Asia. Species 3 (1 in the flora). None. Sorbus2 KB (160 words) - 23:59, 5 November 2020
- fruit. Staminate flowers: sepals 5, petaloid, 7–20 mm, valvate, connate 1/2 length; petals 0; nectary intrastaminal, cushion-shaped, lobed; stamens (6–8)–106 KB (506 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
- nodes terete or slightly compressed. Sheaths closed for 1/10 – 1/5 their length, terete or slightly compressed, smooth or sparsely scabrous, distal sheaths4 KB (424 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- revolute on both sides to the apex, or less often to 2/3–3/4 of the leaf length, 1-stratose or less often 2-stratose; muticous or piliferous, awns often6 KB (298 words) - 22:25, 5 November 2020
- sense) appears under the latter. Throughout this treatment, style length indicates the length in fruit; in some species, the style elongates after anthesis9 KB (756 words) - 23:32, 5 November 2020
- 1 Stem length 8-50 times diam.; roots (one or all of them) tuberlike, several times thicker than stems. Echinocereus poselgeri 1 Stem length 1-8 times17 KB (828 words) - 22:57, 5 November 2020
- only near the base, those of the flag leaves closed for at least 1/2 their length; auricles absent; ligules membranous, glabrous, acute; blades flat or conduplicate5 KB (406 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
- Copyright: Flora of North America Association Trophophore stalk 0–2 cm, 0 to 1/5 length of trophophore rachis; blade dull green, oblong to linear, 1-pinnate, to3 KB (293 words) - 23:03, 20 February 2024
- purple-brown, shining, older dull or dark gray. Leaves deciduous; petiole length 1/5–1/3 blade; blade ± ovate, 5–9 cm, base truncate to broadly cuneate,3 KB (259 words) - 00:00, 6 November 2020
- Flora of North America Association Trophophore stalk 2–15 cm, 0.3–1.2 times length of trophophore rachis; blade shiny green, plane, ternate, 2–3-pinnate, to4 KB (307 words) - 23:05, 20 February 2024
- linear, forming narrow band 2/3 to equaling tepal length; style obviously branched for 1/2–2/3 its length, branches longer than 1.5 mm. Capsules angled. Generated3 KB (227 words) - 22:14, 5 November 2020
- serrulate distally; apex acute to narrowly obtuse; costa to 33–66% leaf length, slender, terminal spine absent; alar cells subquadrate to oblate-quadrate3 KB (263 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
- Flora of North America Association Trophophore stalk 8–26 mm, to 1.1 times length of trophophore rachis; blade dull green, ovate-oblong to deltate-oblong3 KB (266 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
- of hairs; microhairs of blades with an inflated terminal cell similar in length to the basal cell. Inflorescences terminal, narrow, spikelike or somewhat3 KB (273 words) - 18:59, 11 May 2021
- Copyright: Flora of North America Association Trophophore stalk 0–5 mm, to 1/6 length of trophophore rachis; blade dull, ± glaucescent green, oblong, 1–3-pinnate3 KB (271 words) - 23:03, 20 February 2024
- to mid length; spike with bristly appearance; Pacific Coast states. Lipocarpha occidentalis 3 Outer (1st) scale widest at or distal to mid length; spike6 KB (567 words) - 21:40, 5 November 2020
- row of tubercles or a thickened, undulate ridge, dehiscent 1/3–7/8 their length; sessile or pedicellate. Seeds usually numerous, in (1 or) 2 rows per locule7 KB (575 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
- serrate to ca. 3/4 length; flowers solitary or in few-flowered clusters; drupes 1. Celtis 3 Leaf blade crenate to serrate for entire length; flowers 12-206 KB (589 words) - 22:52, 5 November 2020
- long-rostrate, straight or arcuate; peristome single, 16 teeth, split 1/3–1/2 their length into 2, rarely 3, divisions, vertically pitted-striolate proximally, papillose18 KB (1,132 words) - 22:27, 5 November 2020
- Flowers closed or semi-open; perianth 1.8–5.5 mm; tube 20–57% of perianth length; tepals overlapping or not, green or reddish brown with white, pink, or8 KB (674 words) - 18:09, 6 November 2020
- recurved to form confluent, poorly defined false indusia extending entire length of segment. Veins of ultimate segments free, obscure, pinnately branched9 KB (644 words) - 21:25, 5 November 2020
- size of teeth (length in mm of terminal leaflet to number of teeth per side) and relative number of teeth (number of teeth per side to length in mm of terminal9 KB (917 words) - 23:56, 5 November 2020
- developed, not adherent to exostome, basal membrane high, 1/2–2/3 exostome length, segments same height as exostome, widely perforated, cilia 2 or 3, appendiculate10 KB (628 words) - 22:34, 5 November 2020
- muricate; styles 6, 2-fid less than ½ length. Hydrocharis 7 Anthers elongate; filaments connate at least ½ length; seeds echinate; styles 3–9, 2-fid nearly6 KB (422 words) - 21:31, 5 November 2020
- not revolute, sometimes slightly thickened, dentate to denticulate most of length, teeth 9–35, apex rounded, truncate, or retuse, abaxial surface pale green4 KB (311 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
- costa single, usually reaching mid leaf, sometimes shorter or to 3/4 leaf length; alar cells often well differentiated, subquadrate to transversely elongate3 KB (310 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
- central strand present; rhizoids often dense; axillary hairs ca. 5–8 cells in length, basal 1–3 cells thicker-walled. Leaves appressed-incurved to lax when dry17 KB (1,218 words) - 22:28, 5 November 2020
- straight or curved to 15°, 0.5–0.7 × 0.1–0.3 mm; pits angular-hexagonal, length 1–2 times width, in 8–10 rows, 16–25(–30) per row. Phenology: Flowering3 KB (277 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
- articulated with the sheaths, midveins conspicuous, those below midculm length disarticulating at maturity. Inflorescences terminal, panicles. Pistillate3 KB (241 words) - 18:55, 11 May 2021
- serrulate distally; apex acuminate; costa single, sometimes 2-fid, 1/3–2/3 leaf length, terminal spine often present; alar cells quadrate to short-rectangular3 KB (262 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
- Plants loosely to densely cespitose, to 1.5 dm. Leaves to 12 cm; petiole 2/3 length of leaf; blade green on both surfaces, not glaucous, lanceolate, 1-2×-lobed4 KB (261 words) - 16:04, 29 February 2024
- glabrescent, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive3 KB (237 words) - 19:12, 6 November 2020
- pubescent abaxially, glabrous adaxially; tepals connate proximally 1/4–1/3 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic; stamens exserted; filaments glabrous or densely3 KB (231 words) - 23:12, 5 November 2020
- recurved, usually hairy; sepals not persistent. Seeds 1, ellipsoid, ± 1/4–1/3 length of samara. x = 8. Fla., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America2 KB (205 words) - 23:54, 5 November 2020
- Leaves erect, or arching in large plants. Petiole dark brown, less than 1/10 length of blade, pubescent with both simple and branched, short, multicellular3 KB (202 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
- leaf; alar region filling basal angles, extending up margins to 1/2 leaf length; medial laminal cells oval-oblong. Branch leaves smaller, narrower. Sexual3 KB (278 words) - 22:39, 5 November 2020
- present [absent], 3-lobed; sepals persistent or late-caducous, 5, connate 1/2 length, petaloid, nectaries usually at base; petals absent [present, basally connate];3 KB (230 words) - 23:20, 5 November 2020
- hirtellous, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only3 KB (272 words) - 20:16, 5 November 2020
- mostly acuminate; anthers rounded, 0.4–0.6 mm; style ± curved, 0.2–0.4 mm, ¼ length ovary. Fruiting heads 2–4 mm diam; achenes obliquely ovoid, 1.5–2.2 mm,3 KB (225 words) - 21:30, 5 November 2020
- ± equal; stamens symmetrically arranged; filaments connate to 1/2 their length; anthers parallel, not appressed to style branches; style branches 3, filiform3 KB (232 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
- often dark-flecked, obdeltate to suborbiculate, unlobed, 13–19 ×7–12 mm, length 1.6–2 times width; stamens 8, subequal, subtended by ciliate scales, pollen3 KB (254 words) - 11:32, 9 May 2022
- sometimes, slightly recurved, tardily dehiscent 1/2 to throughout their length. Seeds obovoid or oblanceoloid, sometimes sharply angled. 2n = 14. w, c4 KB (252 words) - 19:48, 9 December 2022
- distally; apices acuminate; costa single, extending 1/2–2/3 of the leaf length, occasionally slightly forked at apex, or percurrent; proximal laminal cells3 KB (264 words) - 22:25, 5 November 2020
- crenulate-papillose; apex acute or gradually broadly acuminate; costa 4/5 leaf length, covered with cells apically; laminal cells quadrate to isodiametric, multipapillose4 KB (354 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
- lobes ascending-spreading, oblong or oblanceolate, short, arising above mid length, central lobe apex rounded, often expanded, rounded, or truncate, lateral5 KB (519 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- adaxial clefts (8–)9.5–12.5 mm, 50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0.5–5(–6) mm, 5–20% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate to ovate, apex acute4 KB (395 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- adaxial 7–12(–14) mm, clefts 35–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2–6(–8) mm, 10–30% of calyx length; lobes linear-lanceolate to lanceolate4 KB (433 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- lanceolate, oblanceolate, or spatulate, long, arising near or below mid length, central lobe apex rounded to truncate, others obtuse to rounded. Calyces5 KB (509 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- Culms 3-80(100) cm. Leaves mostly basal; sheaths closed for most of their length, often shredding when mature; auricles absent; ligules 0.1-1 mm, membranous5 KB (437 words) - 17:26, 11 May 2021
- mm, adaxial 5–8 mm, clefts 33–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0–1 mm, 0–5% of calyx length; lobes oblong to triangular, apex rounded5 KB (521 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
- sessile or subsessile, homostylous [mostly distylous]; sepals connate 1/2–2/3 length, nectary present; petals late-deciduous, pale yellow, bright yellow, or5 KB (412 words) - 23:20, 5 November 2020
- to or 1/2 length petals; carpels 5, connate, adnate to hypanthium, indumentum not recorded, styles 2–5, terminal, basally connate 1/3 of length, nearly equal4 KB (399 words) - 23:59, 5 November 2020
- or ± flexuose, superficial cells smooth and spirally twisted the entire length or spirally twisted and interspersed with sections of prorulate straight3 KB (206 words) - 22:24, 5 November 2020
- the lower nodes, not cormous based. Sheaths closed for at least 3/4 their length, often almost entirely closed; ligules scarious, erose to lacerate; blades15 KB (1,188 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- long-rostrate; annulus usually absent; peristome teeth 16, divided 1/2 their length, longitudinally pitted-striolate proximally, papillose distally. Calyptra4 KB (312 words) - 22:27, 5 November 2020
- Flora of North America Association Trophophore stalk 0–3 cm, 0–1.5 times length of trophophore rachis; blade dull to bright green to whitish green, linear6 KB (627 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
- increasing in diam., at least 1/4 perianth length, ± equaling (2/3–11/4) filament length, ca. 2/3–11/3 spathe length; tepals usually reflexed; stamens diverging3 KB (269 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
- acute, acuminate, truncate, apiculate, or cucullate; costa to 40–80% leaf length, broad throughout, terminal abaxial spine present or absent; alar cells4 KB (345 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
- maturity, oblong, flattened dorsally, falling free; hila oblong, about 1/3 the length of the caryopses. x = 7. Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Del., Wis., W.Va., Mass5 KB (441 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- petals oval to broadly oblanceolate, 8–15 × 3–6 mm; stamens 20; styles 5, length unknown; ovary apex densely hairy. Pomes dark purple or almost black, 6–103 KB (319 words) - 23:54, 5 November 2020
- elongate, narrowly conic-cylindric, split from base on one side about half its length. Spores spheric, yellowish. Tropical and subtropical regions of the world4 KB (419 words) - 22:29, 5 November 2020
- 10-15 mm; inner petals 7-12 mm, claw 3-5 mm; nectariferous spur 1/2-3/4 length of petal spur; style 3-4 mm; stigma roughly rectangular, with 8 papillae4 KB (320 words) - 18:00, 6 November 2020
- fleshy, 2–4 mm, tapered toward seta, hollow for the greater part of its length; stomata numerous, stomates present in distal part of capsule, with 2 guard3 KB (372 words) - 22:24, 5 November 2020
- blades of fascicled and non-fascicled leaves elliptic to widely oblanceolate, length usually 2+ times width; sepals, petals, and nectaries usually white, sometimes4 KB (261 words) - 19:12, 6 November 2020
- cm; sepals 4; petals 4; stamens 16; anthers dehiscent along their entire length; pistillate flowers usually with 8 staminodes; styles 4, connate basally;4 KB (374 words) - 23:44, 5 November 2020
- perianth yellow; tepals prominently 3-veined, connate basally for 1/2 their length, lobes broadly linear to oblong-lanceolate, apex rounded; stamens 6, included4 KB (342 words) - 22:17, 5 November 2020
- to conic, often arcuate; peristome single, 16 teeth, split ca. 1/2 their length into 2 divisions, vertically pitted-striolate below, papillose above, red8 KB (577 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
- ascending, linear to oblong or narrowly lanceolate, medium length or long, arising at or above mid length, central lobe apex obtuse to rounded or truncate, sometimes4 KB (435 words) - 19:14, 6 November 2020
- blade, (apex obtuse, rounded, or emarginate); stamens 2 or 4 and equal in length, lateral or median, or 6 and tetradynamous; filaments not dilated basally;23 KB (1,130 words) - 23:37, 5 November 2020
- ovate, length 2/3–1 times undivided portion; petiole free from stipules in proximal leaves, adnate in distal ones; blade 2–5 mm, divided ca. 1/3 length, each4 KB (451 words) - 23:57, 5 November 2020
- 2–3.2 mm (exserted beyond spreading corolla lobes), appendages 0.8–1.5 mm (length shorter than stigmatic portion). Cypselae tan to reddish brown, turbinate5 KB (397 words) - 19:25, 6 November 2020
- nodes terete. Leaves mostly basal; sheaths closed for 1/10 – 1/4(1/3) their length, terete; ligules 0.4-5.5 mm, milky white to hyaline, smooth or scabrous3 KB (383 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
- long as sepals [longer than or absent]; sepals 4–6[–8], to 1/4 floral tube length; petals caducous [persistent], (0–)4–8, deep rose purple, pale pink, white5 KB (396 words) - 11:32, 9 May 2022
- persistent in 4 series, whitish outer of linear to subulate, short (5–15 % length inner) scales, 3 inner of 60–90 white to tan, barbellate bristles, outer6 KB (493 words) - 21:04, 5 November 2020
- appearing only 4-angled, apex truncate to cuneate, dehiscent 1/4–1/3 their length; pedicellate, sometimes disarticulating from plant at maturity. Seeds numerous6 KB (494 words) - 11:32, 9 May 2022
- pad of tissue; styles spreading, 0.3–0.4 mm, 2-fid 1/2 to nearly entire length. Capsules broadly deltoid, 1.2–1.5 × 2–2.2 mm, glabrous or hairy; columella5 KB (444 words) - 20:16, 5 November 2020
- ovate-lanceolate, to 10 × 4.5 cm; roots 0.5–1.5 mm diam.; sporophores 1.3–2.5 times length of trophophore; dried blades uniformly green without pale central band.6 KB (324 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
- apices; upper lemmas thick, stiff, clasping the upper paleas throughout their length. 2n =18. Generated Map Legacy Map Conn., N.J., N.Y., W.Va., Del., D.C.,5 KB (458 words) - 18:56, 11 May 2021
- (6–)9–75 mm; rachilla with proximal internodes about the same thickness and length as internodes in middle of spikelet; proximal scale empty or rarely subtending6 KB (410 words) - 21:38, 5 November 2020
- primarily uniform, ca. 1/2 perianth length, more than 15 times filament length, equaling (3/4–11/4) spathe length; tepals rarely reflexed; stamens fasciculate3 KB (231 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
- increasing in diam., ca. 1/10 or less of perianth length, ca. 1/5 filament length, ca. 1/8 spathe length; tepals not reflexed, distalmost not erect; stamens2 KB (211 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
- leaf length. Branchlet leaves ovate-lanceolate; margins nearly entire to weakly toothed basally, coarsely toothed distally; costa to 2/3 leaf length, occasionally3 KB (287 words) - 22:39, 5 November 2020
- flowers: sepals 5, imbricate, connate most of length; petals 0; nectary absent; stamens 10–80, connate entire length forming thick column; pistillode absent3 KB (229 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
- cm, increasing in diam., 1/10 or less of perianth length, ca. 1/4 filament length, ca. 1/6 spathe length; tepals not reflexed, distal 3 more erect than proximal2 KB (236 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
- ca. 1/3 or more perianth length, ± equaling or seldom less than (3/4–11/4) filament length, ± equaling (2/3–11/4) spathe length; tepals slightly diverging3 KB (277 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
- increasing in diam., no more than 1/4 perianth length, ca. 1/2 (1/4–3/4) filament length, no more than 1/4 spathe length; tepals rarely reflexed; stamens diverging2 KB (194 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
- increasing in diam., less than 1/4 times perianth length, 1/5–1/3 times filament length, ca. 1/10 times spathe length; tepals not reflexed; stamens diverging, subequal;4 KB (356 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
- cm, diam. uniform, 3/4 or more perianth length, at least 15 times filament length, ca. 2–4 times spathe length; tepals rarely reflexed; stamens fasciculate3 KB (251 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
- increasing in diam., less than 1/2 perianth length, ca. 2 times filament length, ca. 1/2–3/4 spathe length; tepals sometimes reflexed; stamens diverging3 KB (217 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
- 6 cm, diam. uniform, 3/4 or more perianth length, at least 15 times filament length, 3–5 times spathe length; tepals often reflexed; stamens fasciculate2 KB (191 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
- in diam., ca. 1/4 (1/5–1/3) perianth length, usually less than or equaling filament length, ca.1/3–1/2 spathe length; tepals reflexed; stamens diverging3 KB (298 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
- increasing in diam., less than 1/3 perianth length, ca. 1/2 (1/3–3/4) filament length, less than 1/2 spathe length; tepals rarely reflexed; stamens diverging3 KB (288 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
- thin, 4–12 mm, length 2–4 times bracts, stiff. Flowers heterostylous; calyx green, urceolate, 4–8 mm; corolla rose-pink, tube 6–10 mm, length 2 times calyx3 KB (264 words) - 23:44, 5 November 2020
- increasing in diam., less than 1/4 perianth length, ca. 1/2 (1/5–2/3) filament length, ca. 1/6 (1/8–1/4) spathe length; tepals rarely reflexed; stamens diverging2 KB (217 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
- distinct, white to pink or purple, scarious margins extending nearly full length of awn, corrugate, villous abaxially; teeth spreading, equal, 0.5–1.5 mm;4 KB (316 words) - 23:15, 5 November 2020
- hardened. Petiole of sterile leaf ca. 1/10–1/5 length of blade, petiole of fertile leaf ± equaling length of blade, bases swollen, persisting as trophopods4 KB (432 words) - 21:25, 5 November 2020
- branches 1–5 pairs, from middle and distal cauline nodes; cauline internode length 0.5–2 times subtending leaves. Leaves: blade narrowly oblong to ovate-oblong4 KB (343 words) - 19:18, 6 November 2020
- bearing a short, mostly 1-celled filiform tip; costa ending 1/2–3/4 the leaf length; basal laminal cells rectangular (50–75 × 25–30 µm), distal cells irregularly3 KB (290 words) - 22:25, 5 November 2020
- Stems 2–6(–13) cm, branches 3–8(–17) mm. Stem leaves broadest at 1/10 leaf length or below, 0.5–1.3(–2.6) × 0.4–0.9(–1.8) mm; base rounded to insertion; margins4 KB (469 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
- leaves to 0.5 mm; costa 1/2–2/3 leaf length. Secondary branch leaves 0.3 mm; apex acute; costa to 1/2 leaf length. Perichaetial leaves to 5 mm, margins4 KB (349 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
- gradually long-acuminate, acumen weakly spreading; costa to 40–70% leaf length, often thick distally, terminal spine present; alar cells subquadrate to4 KB (315 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
- obdeltate to obovate or broadly obovate, 0.6–2 × 0.6–1.8 mm; apical notch to 1/2 length of petal; filaments 0.7–2.2 mm; style 0.6–2.3 mm. Capsules clavoid, tapering3 KB (331 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
- coronal appendages absent, blade apex entire and obtuse to 2-fid to 1/16 of length; nectaries at filament bases; stamens 10; filaments distinct; staminodes7 KB (536 words) - 23:10, 5 November 2020
- mm, as wide, on stipes 1–8 mm, with 4 prominent wings extending the bract length, united throughout, wings dentate to entire, apex toothed, surface of wings6 KB (644 words) - 18:01, 6 November 2020
- in triplets, the members of each unit usually with pedicels of different lengths or 1 spikelet sessile. Glumes usually 2, equal or unequal, shorter or longer10 KB (1,081 words) - 18:55, 11 May 2021
- Sheaths closed for 1/10(1/5) their length, terete, smooth, glabrous, bases of basal sheaths glabrous, distal sheath lengths 1-4 times widths; ligules 2-6 mm5 KB (432 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
- corolla white to pinkish white, urceolate-tubular, petals connate most of length, 5–6 × 1.4–1.5 mm, abaxial surface sparsely puberulent abaxially, adaxial4 KB (370 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
- obovate, sometimes oval or nearly round, margins flat, distal 1/2 to ± whole length evenly to unevenly incised 1/4–1/2 to midvein, teeth (2–)3–8(–15) per side8 KB (681 words) - 23:54, 5 November 2020
- styles connate in column; ovary inferior. Asarum 2 Sepals connate for most of length; anthers without terminal appendages; styles distinct (except sometimes4 KB (293 words) - 22:51, 5 November 2020
- white, creamy white, or cream, reddish basally > 10 10 Calyces divided 1/2 length, little enlarging in fruit; seeds flattened, reniform-ovoid, glabrous laterally16 KB (1,130 words) - 23:21, 5 November 2020
- glabrous. Inflorescences: sheath length usually 0.5–0.75 times diam. of flower head; outer involucral bracts 0.5–0.75 times length of flower head. Flowers monomorphic:2 KB (155 words) - 23:09, 5 November 2020
- 2 threadlike appendages at base; perianth lobes usually less than twice length of perianth tube; anthers obcordate, 3–6 mm. Brodiaea appendiculata 6 Filaments8 KB (592 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
- elliptic to obovate or broadly oblong, margins ± to strongly revolute, ± whole length evenly incised ± 1/2 to nearly completely to midvein, teeth (2–)3–8(–12)12 KB (1,045 words) - 21:06, 25 January 2022
- based on stamen length, fruit length, podogyne length, and the rostrum to fruit length ratio. For Z. palustris in Europe the mean rostrum length is 0.78 ± 04 KB (373 words) - 21:30, 5 November 2020
- sepals sometimes red or purple, 6–15 mm, lobes equaling to 3 times tube length; petals red-orange, 10–20 mm; anthers usually red to purple, sometimes yellow3 KB (225 words) - 18:10, 6 November 2020
- conspicuously ciliate, cilia sparse mid leaf, dense in apex, often longer than leaf length, hyaline. Vaginula with paraphyses few or many, long-filiform, yellow-hyaline8 KB (735 words) - 22:34, 5 November 2020
- dark brown to black, stout to slender, 2.5–6 cm. Leaves: petiole 1–3 cm, length 30–60% blade, glabrous, sessile-glandular or eglandular; blade pale green8 KB (560 words) - 00:00, 6 November 2020
- marina 10 Terminal spike clearly clavate, staminate for at least 1/2 of length; pistillate scales equaling or exceeding, partly concealing perigynia. Carex8 KB (425 words) - 21:41, 5 November 2020
- clefts 4–16(–17) mm, 30–60(–95)% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0.5–7 mm, 4–30% of calyx length; lobes linear to lanceolate or narrowly to4 KB (463 words) - 19:16, 6 November 2020
- spreading, linear, lanceolate, or oblanceolate, medium length or long, arising at or near mid length, central lobe apex obtuse to rounded, lateral ones acute4 KB (436 words) - 19:17, 6 November 2020
- rhombipetala 10 Flower buds blunt or rounded short-acuminate, tip less than 1/4 length of bud; ultimate leaf lobes elongate, giving diffuse appearance; California6 KB (323 words) - 22:52, 5 November 2020
- 5–20 mm, length 2–4 times bracts, flexuous. Flowers heterostylous; calyx green, campanulate, 3–5 mm; corolla lavender, tube 5–8 mm, length 1.5–2 times5 KB (472 words) - 23:44, 5 November 2020
- tube 6–8 mm, length 1–1.2 times calyx, eglandular, limb 6–8 mm diam., lobes 3–4 mm, apex slightly emarginate. Capsules narrowly cylindric, length 1.5–2 times4 KB (408 words) - 23:44, 5 November 2020
- increasing in diam., less than 1/4 perianth length, ca. 1/2 (1/3–2/3) filament length, ca. 1/2 (1/3–3/4) spathe length; tepals usually reflexed; stamens diverging3 KB (264 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
- elliptical, terete, 2/3 the length of the lemmas, enclosed by, but not fused to, the lemma and palea at maturity; embryos about 1/5 the length of the caryopses,3 KB (350 words) - 17:21, 11 May 2021
- green, brown, or blackish, not keeled, without lateral ribs, uniform in length along spikelet, and the apex rounded to obtuse, mucronate, or short-awned14 KB (661 words) - 21:39, 5 November 2020
- falcate-secund, loosely imbricate, ovate-lanceolate, broadest at 1/9–1/7 leaf length, concave, not to strongly plicate, (1.2–)1.5–2.3 × 0.6–1.1 mm; base slightly4 KB (461 words) - 20:51, 14 December 2022
- Association Trophophores converted entirely to second fertile segment, stalk 1/2 length of fertile segment. Sporophores double, 2 per leaf, 1-pinnate, 0.5–4 cm3 KB (218 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
- Plants loosely cespitose, with persistent leaf bases. Leaves: petiole to 3/4 length of leaf; blade lanceolate, 1-2×-lobed; primary lobes generally lanceolate2 KB (120 words) - 17:58, 6 November 2020
- well developed. Cauline leaves not or only slightly longer than wide, i.e., length-width quotient usually 0.6–1.1 (average 0.9); plantlets frequently produced2 KB (182 words) - 23:42, 5 November 2020
- erect, stolons absent. Leaves monomorphic, evergreen. Petiole 3/4–3 times length of blade, base not swollen; vascular bundles more than 3, arranged in an4 KB (259 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
- absent; apex acuminate, acumen plane; costa single, ending 3/5–3/4 leaf length; alar cells differentiated or not, rectangular, enlarged, walls thin, region4 KB (365 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
- Culms 10-110 cm. Sheaths usually open, sometimes closed for most of their length; auricles absent; ligules membranous, acute to truncate; blades flat or4 KB (371 words) - 17:26, 11 May 2021
- pubescent, sessile- and stipitate-glandular; lobes (8–)10–18, rounded, 1/5 bract length. Pistillate flowers: pistil 3-carpellate; styles multifid or laciniate.3 KB (301 words) - 20:16, 5 November 2020
- dense, retrorse or curved to spreading, straight, curly, or ± wavy, medium length to long, soft to stiff, eglandular. Leaves green to purple, linear to lanceolate5 KB (480 words) - 19:14, 6 November 2020
- leaves 1–5(or 6). Flowers 5–12 mm diam.; epicalyx bractlets 1–3 mm, 1/2 length of to nearly equal to sepals; hypanthium 1–3 × 2–4 mm, 1/2 to nearly as7 KB (568 words) - 18:20, 6 November 2020
- shorter than sepals [to longer than sepals]; sepals 6, to 1/4 floral tube length; petals caducous [persistent], [0 or](2–)6, purple, rose purple, rose, or6 KB (572 words) - 23:41, 2 December 2022
- individuals open 1 day only; perianth with tepals connate 1/2 or more of its length, yellow, blue-mauve, mauve, or white, tubular or salverform, limb lobes5 KB (363 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
- narrowly ovate; acumina when differentiated constituting at most 33% leaf length > 2 1 Sexual condition dioicous; stem leaves spreading or ± squarrose; bases6 KB (435 words) - 22:35, 5 November 2020
- blade somewhat differentiated, (apex obtuse); stamens in 3 pairs of unequal length; filaments not dilated basally; anthers ovate or oblong, (apex obtuse);5 KB (483 words) - 23:35, 5 November 2020
- petals white, green, or yellow [reddish orange], connate proximally to 1/2+ length, spatulate or ovate, spreading or erect (then corolla essentially tubular)7 KB (715 words) - 20:18, 5 November 2020
- obconic, depression absent or occasionally slight; filaments connate ± full length (only basally in S. rosulatum). > 6 2 Stems 2–8 mm wide; capsules 6–19 mm;21 KB (1,177 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
- discrete, in chainlike rows along costae or costules, extending only the length of individual areolar veins. Spores with perine irregularly folded. x =3 KB (225 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
- branchlets erect, 3–4-sided in cross section, ca. 2/3 or less as wide as length of scalelike leaves. Leaves green, abaxial glands ovate to elliptic, conspicuous3 KB (223 words) - 17:57, 6 November 2020
- apex gradually tapered, short-acuminate or apiculate; costa to 50–90% leaf length, narrow, terminal spine absent; alar cells subquadrate to short-rectangular3 KB (285 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
- symmetric, 1.4–1.6 cm; petals very slightly spreading, adherent for most of length, white, without petal appendages, 2.2–2.5 cm, apex obtuse; stamens included3 KB (235 words) - 19:34, 6 November 2020
- when dry, strongly concave, 0.6–1.2 mm; costa ending mid leaf or 2/3 leaf length, rarely percurrent; distal laminal cells elongate-vermicular, 60–100 µm3 KB (252 words) - 22:34, 5 November 2020
- nearly equal, apex acuminate; stamens 3 or 6; anthers ½1/2 to equal filament length. Capsules included to slightly exserted, chestnut to dark brown, 1-locular3 KB (266 words) - 19:34, 6 November 2020
- not recurved; apex broad to rounded-truncate; costa single, 1/2–3/4 leaf length; basal laminal cells rectangular, walls pitted or not. Sexual condition3 KB (218 words) - 22:39, 5 November 2020
- striate basally, low-papillose distally; endostome basal membrane 1/4 total length, segments slightly papillose. Spores 12–15 µm. w North America. Species3 KB (243 words) - 22:39, 5 November 2020
- contracted towards the peristome; annulus present; operculum rostrate, half the length of the urn; peristome teeth 16, entire or rarely perforated, yellowish,2 KB (224 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
- long-aristate, spinose; wings attached at sides and base. Flowers: tepals 4 or 5, length 3–7 mm; pseudostaminodes with margins fimbriate at apex, often with dorsal3 KB (270 words) - 18:03, 6 November 2020
- Copyright: Flora of North America Association Leaves 2-pinnate; petioles ± length of blades, winged, with light brown hairs, glabrate at maturity. Sterile3 KB (238 words) - 21:22, 5 November 2020
- urceolate, usually constricted basally; tepals 6, connate most of their length, distal portions distinct, reflexed, short, toothlike; stamens 6, epitepalous4 KB (289 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
- furrowed; endostome basal membrane wide, segments equal to exostome teeth length, cilia 1, short, occasionally rudimentary. Calyptra smooth. Spores spheric3 KB (245 words) - 22:38, 5 November 2020
- and branch leaves 1–2(–3) mm; base slightly decurrent; costa 1/2–3/4 leaf length; alar cells slightly differentiated, rectangular to quadrate, 10–30 µm;3 KB (233 words) - 22:39, 5 November 2020
- apex; callus formed by partial connation of 2 basal lamellae, less than 1/3 length of lip; column pure yellow or yellow spotted with red, curved toward lip3 KB (254 words) - 22:12, 5 November 2020
- hemispheric-campanulate, 1.5 mm wide, sides convex; sepals ovate-triangular, length nearly 2 times width, margins curved; petals 1.2–1.5 mm, shallowly hooded3 KB (204 words) - 21:50, 9 December 2022
- acute to rounded, venation pinnate. Sporophores 1–3-pinnate, 1–2.5 times length of trophophore, divided into several equally long branches (all other botrychiums3 KB (255 words) - 23:01, 20 February 2024
- obtuse to rounded, margins thick or revolute, entire to denticulate most of length, teeth 8–19, apex obtuse to rounded, abaxial surface pale green to white3 KB (225 words) - 20:13, 5 November 2020
- broader than inner 2; stamens (7–)8(–9); filaments connate ca. 1/2 their length, forming staminal tube, adnate to perianth tube, glandular-pubescent; anthers3 KB (260 words) - 23:07, 5 November 2020
- Leaves pendent, sometimes erect in small plants. Petiole black, 1/10–1/5 length of blade, hairs few, unbranched; scales ovate to cordate, conspicuous, inflated2 KB (190 words) - 21:21, 5 November 2020
- ascending, stolons absent. Leaves monomorphic, evergreen. Petiole ± 1/2–3/4 length of blade, base not swollen; vascular bundles more than 3, arranged in arc4 KB (299 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
- entire. Leaves monomorphic. Petiole brownish black, 0.5–3(–5) cm, 1/9–1/7 length of blade; indument of blackish, linear-lanceolate scales at base. Blade3 KB (295 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
- forming a sheath around proximal third or fourth of seta. Seta 1/3–1/2 capsule length. Capsule glossy black with age, columella when dry appearing longitudinally3 KB (191 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
- proximally by ciliate membrane, distally by short hairs; filaments twice length of anthers; anther apex obtuse to abruptly short-tipped. Capsules erect3 KB (232 words) - 22:13, 5 November 2020