View source for Trillium viride

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Trillium viride
|accepted_authority=L. C. Beck
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Amer. J. Sci. Arts
|place=11: 178. 1826
|year=1826
}}
|common_names=Green trillium
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Liliaceae;Trillium;Trillium subg. Phyllantherum;Trillium viride
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Liliaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Trillium]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Trillium subg. Phyllantherum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Trillium viride]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 26
|mention_page=page 95, 112, 117
|treatment_page=page 116
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Rhizomes </b>horizontal, brownish, short, slender to stout, praemorse, not brittle. <b>Scapes</b> 1–3, round in cross section, 2.3–3.4+ dm, ± slender, smooth to scabrous below bracts. <b>Bracts</b> held well above ground, sessile; blade green to bluish green, weakly mottled, rarely unmottled, mottling becoming obscure with age, adaxial surface covered with numerous stomata easily visible under a lens, occasionally visible as tiny white dots to the naked eye, narrowly to broadly elliptic, 8–20.5 × 5–8 cm, not glossy, apex blunt to rounded-acute. <b>Flower</b> erect, odor of decayed fruit; sepals displayed above bracts, widely spreading, distal 1/2 often weakly declined, green, lanceolate-acute, 28–60 × 7–9 mm, margins entire, apex acute; petals long-lasting, erect to widely spreading, ± connivent, ± concealing stamens and ovary, green, yellowish green, yellow, or variously purple streaked throughout, especially basally (rarely all purplish green), not spirally twisted, narrowly spatulate to linear-spatulate, 3.5–6.8 × 0.5–1.5 cm, widest above middle, thick-textured, base narrowed and thickened, ± forming claw, margins entire, apex obtuse, lacking nipple; stamens relatively straight-erect to slightly incurved, 15–25 mm; filaments brown-olive, 3–5.5 mm, dilated basally; anthers erect, straight, olive-brown or purplish, 8–21 mm, ± slender, dehiscence introrse-latrorse; connectives olive, straight, very slightly (± 0.5 mm) extended beyond sacs; ovary greenish basally, olive-purplish distally, ellipsoid to ovoid, deeply angled, 5–12 mm; stigmas spreading-erect, recurved, distinct, sessile, olive or purplish, subulate, 5–10 mm, somewhat fleshy. <b>Fruits</b> greenish white, odorless, ovoid, angled, 1–1.5 cm, somewhat pulpy, not juicy. <b>2n</b> = 10.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering spring (late Apr–May).
|habitat=Rich woods, bluffs, rocky hillsides with some limestone outcrops, woodsy, humusy soil over fairly stiff, clayey substrate
|elevation=100–200 m
|distribution=Ill.;Mo.
|discussion=<p><i>Trillium viride</i> has long been confused with <i>T. luteum</i> of the Smoky Mountain region, though it is far more slender and delicate than <i>T. luteum</i>. Because the pallid forms and so-called albinos of many other sessile trilliums described in written accounts sound much like the description of this plant, early authors ascribed far too wide a range to <i>T. viride</i>. The plant is closely limited to the woodlands of the counties adjacent to the Missouri River in northeastern Missouri and southern Illinois.</p><!--
--><p>Although the ranges of <i>Trillium viride</i> and the very similar <i>T. viridescens</i> do not overlap, both species grow in Missouri, and authors earlier than J. D. Freeman (1975) frequently combined the two as a single species. If all other means of identification fail, the prevalence of numerous stomates on the adaxial bract surface, seen under magnification, will always distinguish <i>T. viride</i>.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Trillium viride
|authority=L. C. Beck
|rank=species
|parent rank=subgenus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Liliaceae
|phenology=Flowering spring (late Apr–May).
|habitat=Rich woods, bluffs, rocky hillsides with some limestone outcrops, woodsy, humusy soil over fairly stiff, clayey substrate
|elevation=100–200 m
|distribution=Ill.;Mo.
|reference=None
|publication title=Amer. J. Sci. Arts
|publication year=1826
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V26/V26_142.xml
|genus=Trillium
|subgenus=Trillium subg. Phyllantherum
|species=Trillium viride
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Trillium subg. Phyllantherum]]