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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="plant growth form;plant shape;plant duration;plant duration;plant reproduction"><b>Plants </b>superficially palmlike or fernlike, perennial, evergreen, dioecious.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem location;stem location;stem texture;stem fragility or size;stem shape;stem architecture;stem architecture;apex prominence"><b>Stems </b>subterranean with exposed apex or aboveground, fleshy, stout, cylindric, simple or irregularly branched.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="secondary-root size"><b>Roots </b>with small secondary-roots;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="root shape;root development">corallike roots developing at base of stem at or below soil surface.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf architecture;leaf arrangement or growth form;stem apex texture;stem petiole texture;rachis architecture"><b>Leaves </b>pinnately compound, spirally clustered at stem apex, leathery, petiole and rachis unarmed [with stout spines];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="leaflet architecture or shape;leaflet architecture or shape;leaflet architecture">leaflets entire or dentate [spinose], venation dichotomous [netted];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="resin canal count">resin canals absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="cone position;cone position or structure subtype;cone architecture;cone dehiscence"><b>Cones </b>axillary, appearing terminal, short-peduncled [sessile], disintegrating at maturity;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="sporophyll arrangement;sporophyll arrangement">sporophylls densely crowded, spirally arranged, often covered with indument.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="pollen cone size;pollen cone count"><b>Pollen </b>cones soon shed, generally smaller and more numerous than seed-cones;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="microsporangium count;microsporangium arrangement;microsporangium size">sporophylls bearing many crowded, small microsporangia (pollen-sacs) adaxially;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="pollen shape;pollen architecture">pollen spheric, not winged.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="seed-cone duration;seed-cone shape;seed-cone shape;seed-cone shape;seed-cone shape;seed-cone shape;seed-cone shape;seed-cone shape;seed-cone shape;seed-cone shape;seed-cone shape;seed-cone shape;seed-cone shape;plant atypical count;plant count"><b>Seed-</b>cones persistent for a year or more, 1 (–2) per plant, nearly globose to ovoid, tapering sharply or blunt at apex;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="sporophyll architecture;sporophyll size or width;sporophyll size;ovule atypical count;ovule count">sporophylls peltate, thickened and laterally expanded distally, bearing 2 (–3) ovules.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="seed arrangement or shape;inner coat texture;outer coat texture;outer coat coloration"><b>Seeds </b>angular, inner coat hardened, outer coat fleshy, often brightly colored;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="cotyledon count">cotyledons 2.</span><!-- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>superficially palmlike or fernlike, perennial, evergreen, dioecious. <b>Stems</b> subterranean with exposed apex or aboveground, fleshy, stout, cylindric, simple or irregularly branched. <b>Roots</b> with small secondary roots; coral-like roots developing at base of stem at or below soil surface. <b>Leaves</b> pinnately compound, spirally clustered at stem apex, leathery, petiole and rachis unarmed [with stout spines]; leaflets entire or dentate [spinose], venation dichotomous [netted]; resin canals absent. <b>Cones</b> axillary, appearing terminal, short-peduncled [sessile], disintegrating at maturity; sporophylls densely crowded, spirally arranged, often covered with indument. <b>Pollen</b> cones soon shed, generally smaller and more numerous than seed cones; sporophylls bearing many crowded, small microsporangia (pollen sacs) adaxially; pollen spheric, not winged. <b>Seed</b> cones persistent for a year or more, 1(–2) per plant, nearly globose to ovoid, tapering sharply or blunt at apex; sporophylls peltate, thickened and laterally expanded distally, bearing 2(–3) ovules. <b>Seeds</b> angular, inner coat hardened, outer coat fleshy, often brightly colored; cotyledons 2.</span><!-- |
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| | |family=Zamiaceae | | |family=Zamiaceae |
| | |illustrator=John Myers | | |illustrator=John Myers |
| | + | |illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association |
| | |distribution=Primarily tropical to warm temperate regions;North Americ;Central America;South America;Africa;Australia. | | |distribution=Primarily tropical to warm temperate regions;North Americ;Central America;South America;Africa;Australia. |
| | |reference=candolle1868a;johnson1959a;schuster1932a | | |reference=candolle1868a;johnson1959a;schuster1932a |
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| | |publication year= | | |publication year= |
| | |special status= | | |special status= |
| − | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V2/V2_662.xml | + | |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V2/V2_662.xml |
| − | |apex prominence=exposed
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| − | |cone architecture=short-peduncled
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| − | |cone dehiscence=disintegrating
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| − | |cone position=axillary
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| − | |cone position or structure subtype=terminal
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| − | |cotyledon count=2
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| − | |inner coat texture=hardened
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| − | |leaf architecture=compound
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| − | |leaf arrangement or growth form=clustered
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| − | |leaflet architecture=dichotomous
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| − | |leaflet architecture or shape=dentate;entire
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| − | |microsporangium arrangement=crowded
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| − | |microsporangium count=many
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| − | |microsporangium size=small
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| − | |outer coat coloration=colored
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| − | |outer coat texture=fleshy
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| − | |ovule atypical count=2;3
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| − | |ovule count=2
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| − | |plant atypical count=1;2
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| − | |plant count=1
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| − | |plant duration=evergreen;perennial
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| − | |plant growth form=palmlike
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| − | |plant reproduction=dioecious
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| − | |plant shape=fernlike
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| − | |pollen architecture=not winged
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| − | |pollen cone count=numerous
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| − | |pollen cone size=smaller
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| − | |pollen shape=spheric
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| − | |rachis architecture=unarmed
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| − | |resin canal count=absent
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| − | |root development=developing
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| − | |root shape=corallike
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| − | |secondary-root size=small
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| − | |seed arrangement or shape=angular
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| − | |seed-cone duration=persistent
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| − | |seed-cone shape=nearly globose;ovoid tapering sharply or blunt
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| − | |sporophyll architecture=peltate
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| − | |sporophyll arrangement=arranged;crowded
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| − | |sporophyll size=expanded
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| − | |sporophyll size or width=thickened
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| − | |stem apex texture=leathery
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| − | |stem architecture=branched;simple
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| − | |stem fragility or size=stout
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| − | |stem location=aboveground;subterranean
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| − | |stem petiole texture=leathery
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| − | |stem shape=cylindric
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| − | |stem texture=fleshy
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| | -->[[Category:Treatment]] | | -->[[Category:Treatment]] |
Plants superficially palmlike or fernlike, perennial, evergreen, dioecious. Stems subterranean with exposed apex or aboveground, fleshy, stout, cylindric, simple or irregularly branched. Roots with small secondary roots; coral-like roots developing at base of stem at or below soil surface. Leaves pinnately compound, spirally clustered at stem apex, leathery, petiole and rachis unarmed [with stout spines]; leaflets entire or dentate [spinose], venation dichotomous [netted]; resin canals absent. Cones axillary, appearing terminal, short-peduncled [sessile], disintegrating at maturity; sporophylls densely crowded, spirally arranged, often covered with indument. Pollen cones soon shed, generally smaller and more numerous than seed cones; sporophylls bearing many crowded, small microsporangia (pollen sacs) adaxially; pollen spheric, not winged. Seed cones persistent for a year or more, 1(–2) per plant, nearly globose to ovoid, tapering sharply or blunt at apex; sporophylls peltate, thickened and laterally expanded distally, bearing 2(–3) ovules. Seeds angular, inner coat hardened, outer coat fleshy, often brightly colored; cotyledons 2.
Distribution
Primarily tropical to warm temperate regions, North Americ, Central America, South America, Africa, Australia.
Discussion
Genera 9, species ca. 100 (1 genus, 1 species in the flora).
