Property:Habitat
A
Near places of cultivation +
Weedy areas, ballast heaps, railroads, other disturbed habitats +
Waste places, disturbed habitats +
Sandy, gravelly slopes, washes, semideserts, disturbed habitats +
Coastal dunes, beaches, swamps, marshes, disturbed habitats, such as gardens and fields near coast +
On ballast +
Coastal sand dunes, sea beaches +
Waste places, agricultural and fallow fields, railroads, roadsides, riverbanks, other disturbed habitats +
Near places of cultivation +
Waste places, on ballast +
Semideserts, naturally disturbed habitats +
Streambanks, disturbed habitats, especially agricultural fields, railroads, waste areas, roadsides +
Disturbed habitats, coastal areas, near wool-combing mills +
Disturbed habitats, agricultural fields, railroads, roadsides, waste areas, banks of rivers, lakes, and streams +
Maritime sand dunes, beaches, mostly on foredunes and at high tide level +
Banks of rivers, lakes, and streams, disturbed habitats, agricultural fields, railroads, roadsides, waste areas +
Seasonally wet, disturbed habitats +
Waste places, fields, roadsides, railroads, barnyards, overgrazed pastures, other disturbed habitats +
Disturbed habitats +
Uncommon, casual alien near wool-combing mills +
Sandy, rocky, and gravelly flats, slopes, canyons, washes, other naturally disturbed habitats +
Locally escaped from cultivation, disturbed areas +
Wet areas, such as margins of rivers, ponds, marshes, lakes, and creeks, disturbed habitats, such as agricultural fields, roadsides, and railroads +
Fields, railroads, lawns, gardens, waste areas, other disturbed habitats +
Open dry slopes, other naturally disturbed habitats +
Coastal dunes, beaches, sandy inland areas, weakly saline flats +
Naturally disturbed habitats, streambanks, canyons, semideserts +
Usually on sandy or gravelly soils, openings in pinyon-juniper, yellow pine, or spruce-fir forests +
Escaped or persistent from cultivation in disturbed sites +
Rotting wood, organic soil, rich fens scattered across boreal zone +
Roadsides, open fields +
Coastal bluffs, dunes, beaches +
Tree trunks, rotten wood, rock, soil, (sometimes salty) swamps to xeric habitats +
Canyons, sandy flats, dunes +
Sandy soils, washes, banks +
Wet to dry soils, disturbed sites +
Dry, disturbed sites +
Sandy beaches and strand +
Seasonally wet clays or sands, scrublands +
Clays or sandy soils, among lava rocks +
Waste places, disturbed sites +
Sandy washes, benches +
Sandy washes, benches +
Rocky or sandy washes, benches +
Sandy and gravelly washes +
Wet or seasonally wet flats, depressions, alkaline, clay soils, prairies +
Sandy beaches or strand +
Sandy washes, benches +
Seasonally wet, sandy soils +
Desert washes, ravines +
Disturbed sites, often wet, alkaline, clay soils +
Disturbed sites, damp to wet, alkaline soils +
Desert washes, sandy and gravelly benches, lava talus +
Seasonally wet clays or sands, disturbed sites +
Disturbed sites, waste places, damp soils +
Stream banks and shores, lake shores, mountainsides, dry rocky and grassy slopes (northern shrub-steppe), hillsides, woods, thickets, shaded canyons, moist roadsides +
Mountain slopes +
Woods, hillsides, roadsides, mountainsides +
Open woods, rocky banks, shores, calcareous sites +
Dry to moist woods, mesic mixed hardwoods and pine-hardwoods, fields, thickets, roadsides, circumneutral soil, especially northward +
Cool woods, mountain slopes, summits, bogs, poor fens, conifer swamps, acidic soil, sandy lake shores, stream banks, rocky ridges, roadside thickets +
Damp soil of swamps, wet streamheads, bogs, moist to wet thickets, woods +
Pine savannas, sandhills, roadsides, dry openings in woods, sandy soil +
Basaltic ledges, cliffs, and bluffs along streams, stony soil, streambeds, stream banks, copses, mountainsides, roadsides +
Ravines, thickets, barrens, rocky banks, shores, sea cliffs, swamps, wet woods, often calcareous +
Calcareous shores, gravel beaches, cliffs, ledges, alluvial woods, roadsides +
Dry, open sites with rocky, gravelly, or sandy soil, calcareous soil +
Dry woods, bluffs rocky areas and slopes, stream banks, fields, thickets, and sandy areas, sometimes wetlands +
Swamps, bogs, thickets, shores +
Dry to moist, deciduous, mixed, and coniferous forests, fields, thickets, roadsides +
Fields, sand-plain grasslands, heaths, glacial outwash plains, forest openings, disturbed sites, stream shores, among rocks or sand, dry habitats, ditches, swales +
Dry rocky slopes, canyons, stream banks, mountainsides, foothills, high deserts +
Dry rocky slopes, canyons, chaparral, mountainsides +
Margins of woods, river ledges, shorelines, rocky slopes, crevices of open rock faces and cliffs, noncalcareous to slightly calcareous sites +
Summits and cliffs of low mountains, open woods, woodland clearings, rocky soil, crevices, shores, fields, roadsides, peaty, sandy, or gravelly and, typically, acidic soil +
Dry rocky slopes, canyons, stream banks, mountainsides, foothills, deserts +
Moist, often calcareous coniferous forests, thickets, fens, tundra +
Dry or mesic wooded slopes, meadows, savannas +
Freshwater marshes, margins of pools and lakes, drying mud and sand flats, ditches, rice fields. +
Freshwater marshes, margins of pools and lakes, drying mud and sand flats, ditches, rice fields. +
Limestone seeps along creek banks, on highly alkaline soil around springs and moist areas. +
Coastal plains in brackish to freshwater marshes, ditches. +
Freshwater marshes, margins of pools and lakes, drying mud and sand flats, ditches, rice fields. +
Limestone outcrops/hills, granitic talus slopes, deserts, cliffs, upper Sonoran desert scrub/grassland transition zone +
Gravelly, sometimes loamy, soil, dry rocky slopes and mesas, deserts, grasslands, openings in oak forests or secondary deciduous forests, disturbed sites, forest clearings and roadsides +
Dry, rocky or gravelly hills, plains, deserts, grasslands, shrublands, along roads or railroads, limestone soil, silty flats +
Marshy shores, stream banks, edges of swamps and moist thickets, wet woodlands +
Thickets, forest edges. +
Stream and riverbanks, floodplain forests, wet woodland borders, lowland thickets, fencerows. +
Forest edges, pond margins, stream banks, thickets, disturbed areas. +
Calcareous soils and gravels on or near limestone outcrops +
Calcareous, clay, or sandy soils, disturbed habitats +
Crevices of neutral to acidic rock +
Seasonal wet crevices of neutral to acidic cliffs +
Seasonally wet crevices of neutral to acidic cliffs +
Rocky or sandy soils, ravines, washes, slopes, rock outcrops, canyon walls, cliff faces, usually with other shrubs, especially Ambrosia, Yucca, Ephedra, Atriplex +
Rocky or sandy soils, flats, washes, slopes, rock outcrops, canyon walls, cliff faces, commonly with Larrea, Yucca, Ambrosia +
Sunny, saline, often alkaline, seasonally wet places +
Bark of trees, wet, sheltered niches, crotches, fissures, knotholes on logs, stumps, sometimes rotten, wet rock +
Dry to moist soil, rock crevices, talus slopes +
Rock, ledges, ravines, shady canyons, soil +
Open, disturbed sites +
Moist to dry roadsides, disturbed meadows, forest edges, stream banks, swales +
Coastal sage scrub or dune swales +
Ditch banks, other open sites +
Dry woods, often with aspen or mixed conifer-hardwood, borders and trails, dunes, fields, roadsides, other open, often disturbed sites +
Tamaulipan thorn scrub, Chihuahuan desert scrub, sparse grasslands, oak and juniper woodlands, creosotebush flats, sedimentary substrates including limestone [and gypsum in Mexico], usually not on steep slopes, rocky to gravelly soils +
Tamaulipan thorn scrub, plains and low hills, sandy, loamy, silty, or gravelly soils [rarely on shale] +
Open, dry or vernally moist slopes, flats, drainages, shallow rocky to deep sandy or clay soils (often over serpentine or basalt), sometimes disturbed sites (burns, road beds) +
Sandy soils, chaparral bordering oak woodlands, under shrubs +
Wet acidic or basic rock +
Rock, alluvium, edges of snow melt areas +
Acidic rocks +
Acidic rock +
Acidic rock faces, occasionally thin soil +
Wet rocks in streams, snow flushes, seeping outcrops +
Rock or soil in streams +
Siliceous rock, cliffs, boulders +
Neutral to acidic boulders, cliffs and walls, generally wet sites +
Dry rock outcrops +
Acidic rock in snow beds +
Calcareous rock in Arctic and subarctic areas +
Open, wet sites, bogs, fens, margins of pools, along boggy shores +
Sphagnum peat bogs, acid swamps, margins of pools throughout boreal forest and arctic +
Rocky, open habitats on tundra +
Open, grassy slopes +
Wet meadows +
Open, grassy meadows, sandy or gravelly open soils, often in disturbed areas +
Open areas with sandy, gravelly soil in grassland, shrub, forest, and tundra communities +
Desert, arid scrub, dry sandy to rocky soil +
Prairies, grassy slopes, frequently in rocky areas +
Rock slides of metamorphics, whitish ash, subalpine and alpine ridges, rock and talus slides, disintegrated volcanic rock +
Terrestrial on open to lightly shaded, rocky slopes and in hammocks and pine woods, often on limestone +
Lightly shaded limestone outcrops of the Edwards Plateau +
Rare around exposed to lightly shaded solution holes and limestone sinks +
Deciduous woods, often in calcareous soils +
Mixed woods, often in association with both conifers and deciduous trees +
Open grasslands, prairies, hillsides, often limy substrate, also woods over thin shale +
Damp thickets, meadows, wet prairies, lake shores, streamsides, clearings, occasionally swampy areas +
Dry prairies, barrens, pastures, meadows, rocky, open woods +
Prairies, dry, open woods, pastures, roadsides +
Open to deep woods +
Gravelly slopes, dry rocky ledges +
Slopes, ridges +
Moist, limestone bluffs and ledges +
Moist, rocky crevices +
Shaded woods, wooded slopes +
Damp, rich woods +
Shaded woods, subalpine ridges +
Tundra, slopes, ridges, limestone outcrops, and screes +
Open forests, grassy slopes, often rocky areas, also moist prairie depressions, coulees, sandhill shrubland +
Rocky slopes, meadows +
Rocky slopes +
Talus slopes, canyons +
Moist slopes, grassy areas, thickets +
Meadows, tundra +
Forest margins, alpine meadows +
Gravelly, rocky slopes, moist meadows +
Dry, open ledges and slopes +
Marshes, sphagnum bogs +
Shaded, moist woods, open hillsides +
Streamsides, meadows, rocky slopes +
Prairies, open slopes, sometimes open woods or granite outcrops in woods +
Shaded, moist woods +
Damp, frequently acidic, wooded hillsides +
Moist, open woods, thickets, clearings, streamsides, occasionally swampy areas +
Thickets, moist woods, meadows, slopes +
Rocky slopes, streamsides +
Riparian areas, moist cliffs and ledges +
Dry woods, sandy ridges, grasslands +
Dry, rocky, open woods, thickets, river banks +
Wet, alkaline, saline, and coastal marsh areas +
Roadsides, disturbed ground. +
Forests, woodlands +
Open ridges and slopes, on metamorphics +
Sandy washes, dry slopes, chaparral, pine-oak-juniper woodlands, montane coniferous forests +
Wet substrates, brackish to fresh, in pond borders, tidally influenced stream banks, banks of estuaries and lakes +
Dryish sandy substrates, dry hammocks +
Dry, open shrublands +
Dry, open shrublands, deciduous forests +
Usually weedy in disturbed areas, fence rows, agricultural fields +
Arid habitats, disturbed sites, sometimes open, sometimes shady +
Disturbed sites, roadsides, agricultural fields +
Desert habitats +
Deciduous forests, dry, open shrublands +
Forming deep green cushions on calcareous and noncalcareous rock, sandstone walls, rock ledges, exposed moist crevices, wet areas +
Fissures in rock, calcareous and noncalcareous sandstone +
Calcareous and noncalcareus rock, wet areas, spray of falls +
Acidic seepy or damp soil, soil over rock, ledges +
Acidic seepy or damp soil, soil over rock, ledges +
Tree bark, at base, soil, rock +
Crevices between boulders +
Deciduous forests, calcareous rock, bark of trees +
Base or bark of deciduous trees, soil, fallen logs, deciduous forests, open spaces, secondary forests, vertical calcareous rock, occasionally acidic +
Tree trunks (generally 1-2 m above base), basic and acidic rock, montane deciduous forests +
Bark of trees, deciduous forests +
Bark of trees, deciduous forests +
Mesic calcareous environments of montane deciduous forests, limestone rock or vertical walls, epiphytic +
Disturbed areas, fencerows, roadsides +
Disturbed areas, fencerows, roadsides, thickets +
Dry to moist alpine tundra +
Dry meadows and aspen forest openings +
Moist alkaline basins in sagebrush steppe +
Openings in dry coniferous forests +
Subalpine limestone talus +
Moist subalpine-alpine willow thickets in the Rocky and Cascade mountains, the Sierra Nevada and mountains of the Great Basin +
Subalpine-alpine limestone talus +
Sagebrush steppe, plains, foothills of mountains +
Dry slopes on tundra +
Seasonally dry basins in foothills of mountains, often associated with sagebrush flats +
Arctic and alpine tundra, on or near dry rocky outcrops or sand ridges +
Arctic and alpine tundra, on or near dry rocky outcrops or sand ridges +
Arctic and alpine tundra, on dry rocky outcrops, fell fields, or gravelly frost boils +
Dry lower montane to montane coniferous forests, usually in ± thick duff under Pinus ponderosa +
Pastures, dry fields, openings in woodlands and forests, and rock barrens +
Pastures, dry fields, openings in deciduous woodlands and coniferous forests. and rock barrens +
Pastures, dry fields, openings in woodlands and forests, and rock barrens and dry lake shores +
Pastures, dry fields, openings in woodlands and forests, and rock barrens +
Protected alpine and subalpine sites, gravelly or sandy soils near conifers at timberline +
Moist, open, meadows and drainages, lower montane, ponderosa pine zone +
Semidry meadows and drainages, lower montane, ponderosa pine zone +
Moist forests, slopes and tops of ridges under Douglas fir, ponderosa pine, Engelmann spruce or Gambel oaks, openings in the forests +
Dry, rocky to moist alpine tundra +
Moist open areas, flood plains of streams, margins of alkaline depressions, lower montane to subalpine (subarctic) +
Moist tundra, disturbed margins of solifluction lobes, unstable, gravelly slopes +
Moist tundra, often on disturbed margins of solifluction lobes or on unstable, gravelly slopes +
Plains, grasslands, pastures, and open woodlands +
Clearings, fields, roadsides, and open deciduous woods +
Clearings, fields, roadsides, and open woods +
Prairies, pastures, roadsides, mountain parks, open deciduous woods, and drier coniferous forests, usually ponderosa or lodgepole pine +
Dry, open, deciduous woodlands, tops of banks, ridges, and bluffs, sandstone formations, slopes in openings in woodlands +
Moist subalpine-alpine meadows, snow basins, margins of tarns, streams, or run-off from snow masses +
Limestone barrens, serpentine +
Alluvial soils in moist willow thickets subject to intermittent flooding along streams, montane to subalpine zone +
Moist, cool, montane and subalpine coniferous forests and roadcuts in forests +
Dry to moist habitats, tundra, rock outcrops, fields, meadows, forests, savannas, and roadcuts, other similarly disturbed places +
Dry to moist habitats, tundra, rock outcrops, fields, meadows, forests, savannas, and roadcuts, other similarly disturbed places +
Dry to moist open habitats, usually on rock outcrops or barrens +
Dry to moist habitats, tundra, rock outcrops, fields, meadows, forests, savannas, and roadcuts, other similarly disturbed places +
Open slopes and dry meadows, lower montane to montane, or subalpine zone, usually with big sagebrush, Artemisia tridentata +
Talus areas on limestone ridge at treeline in the subalpine zone +
Slopes or stream banks in moist, rich, deciduous woodlands, forests, sometimes forest openings +
Dry, often sagebrush (Artemisia) covered hillsides and dry margins around seasonally moist depressions in sagebrush steppe of the Great Basin and Columbia Plateau +
Dry, open coniferous woods or barren slopes on serpentine +
Sagebrush steppe to open, dry, coniferous montane forests to subalpine meadows +
Devonian shale barrens and argillaceous soils derived from them, open deciduous woods and fields +
Disturbed sites, abandoned plantings +
Disturbed sites, clearings, fields, roadsides +
Cultivated and often persisting after abandonment, rarely escaping +
Disturbed ground. +
Bark, decorticated wood, on Quercus, siliceous rock, soil, humic soil, full sun or partial shade +
Trunks and branches of Acer, Alnus, Populus, Prunus, Quercus, conifers, dead branches, snags, decorticated or decomposing logs, siliceous rock, soil, humus +
Dry, gravelly outwash fans, talus slopes, roadsides +
Sandy, gravelly limestone outwash fans, or calcareous silty soils, gypsum +
Gypsum outcrops +
Gypsum outcrops +
Calcareous clay and clayey shales +
Calcareous clays and shales, sometimes on gypsum +
Gypseous shaley clay +
Moist, exposed, sandy or silty soil of depressions, river and stream banks in montane coniferous forest regions, subalpine regions, mountains, and northern latitudes +
Rock crevices, cliff faces, on igneous or volcanic substrates (mostly rhyolite) +
Fields, usually on sandy soil, mossy and grassy sites, moist shade, gravelly roadsides, shady, bare patches in lawns, shallow soil pockets on rocky seashores, meadows, hillsides +
Fields, sandy places +
Vernally moist grasslands, chaparral, woodlands, clearings, rocky outcrops, cliffs, sandy beaches, waste ground, roadsides +
Coastal shrublands, bluffs, saline sands +
Soil, clay, along creeks or trails in places subject to inundation, rarely among other mosses +
Sand or sandy clay, open scrub oak woodlands, mesquite savannas, fields, disturbed sites, roadsides +
Sand and gravel bars, limestone soils, Larrea flats, mesquite savannas, roadsides, disturbed sites +
Sand and sandy loam, black loam, silt, caliche, rocky limestone soils, stream bottoms, oak-juniper openings, mesquite pastures, roadsides, fencerows, disturbed sites +
Open sites, often calcareous, often with scrubby oaks +
Sandy or gravelly soils, often in matorral and scrublands +
Sand, sandy loam, sandy clay, silt, gravel, river terraces, oak woodlands, mesquite savannas, fields, roadsides +
Sand dunes near beaches, coastal sands, Rio Grande plains +
Limestone slopes, subalpine valleys, wet cliffs, ridges, fine gravel saturated by snowmelt +
Moist, deciduous, upland to swampy forests +
Dung, animal remains +
Roadsides, gravelly stream terraces, interfan alluvium, dunes, flats, rocky slopes, lava beds, grasslands, creosote scrub, Chihuahuan desert scrub of Flourensia-Larrea, mesquite, oak chaparral, oak-juniper woodlands +
Quiet ponds +
Disturbed places, coastal bluffs, margins of coastal wetlands, 0-100 m +
Bogs, alluvial and upland rich woods +
Cliff walls and talus slopes, usually on shale +
Open woods, meadows, shores, and rock outcrops +
Shaded or open woods, often around cliffs, rock outcrops, and forest edges +
Rocky places in canyons, mostly along streams +
Damp places in canyons +
Open rocky slopes +
Rocky slopes or near streams in open woodland or herbland +
Rocky slopes or near streams, in open woodland or herbland +
Rocky slopes or near streams, in open woodland or herbland +
Open rocky places +
Moist coniferous forests, especially along streams +
Damp rocky places +
Moist mountain meadows and alpine slopes +
Mesic woods +
Mesic woods or shrublands +
Mesic woods or shrublands +
Dripping cliffs +
Rocky places in limestone areas, usually subalpine +
Rock crevices +
Near streams or in damp rocky places in canyons +
Seepy rock walls of canyons +
Open rocky places, alpine or subalpine +
Cliffs and rocky slopes, subalpine and alpine +
Rocky slopes, woodlands, or meadows +
Moist places in dry woodlands and shrublands +
Disturbed habitats +
Sandy beaches, gravel, flats of streambeds +
Above fjords +
Gravelly slopes, forests, gravel bars, high-elevation scree and talus, roadsides +
Cliffs, ledges, thickets, stream and river banks, woods, limestone crevices and bluffs, sandstone hills and outcrops, serpentine rocks and barrens, shale, talus, sand dunes +
Sand dunes, sand bars, tussocks, gravel, tundra, volcanic ash, stream terraces +
Sandy areas along roadsides, stream banks, railroad tracks and embankments, open pastures, grassy flats, fields, prairies, floodplains, woods, lawns, limestone ledges and crevices, bluffs, shale and serpentine barrens, gravel, sandstone +
Serpentine slopes, rocky hillsides +
Crevices of limestone rocks, along streams, calcareous alpine meadows, Salix scrub on slopes with scree +
Rocky hillsides and bluffs, grassy hillsides, slopes +
Rare garden escape +
Open woods, rocky bluffs, steep banks, canyon margins +
Rocky slopes, crevices, and ledges, meadows, moist banks and grounds, granitic soil, wooded slopes +
Open slopes, alpine meadows, cliffs, ridge crests +
Stream banks, roadsides +
Serpentine scrap and slopes, red serpentinized soil +
Moist shaded banks, slopes, rocky canyon walls, talus, basaltic bluffs +
Alpine and subalpine meadows and slopes, open woods, steep slopes and cliffs, mossy mats, dry or moist slopes and hillsides, ridge crests +
Talus slopes near glacier +
Moist granitic soil, rocky hillsides, chaparrals, steep banks +
Rocky wooded slopes, shady stream banks, limestone ledges and bluffs +
Ravines, pastures, cliffs, calcareous talus, dolomite glades, rich woods, bluffs, rocky ledges +
Bluffs, cliffs, ledges, rocky hillsides, open woods, bottom lands, gravel bars, meadows, streamsides, upland prairies, grassy swales, hillsides, stream bottoms +
Terrestrial along stream banks in woods +
Riverine forests and oak parklands along seasonally moist waterways +
Open forests, rocky slopes, ravines, foothills, and shores +
Rough, stony hills, mountain slopes, calcareous ledges +
Coniferous forests, especially with jack or lodgepole pine. +
Coniferous forests generally with fir. +
Coniferous forests with southwestern white pine. +
Coniferous forests with southwestern white pine. +
Coniferous forests with sugar pine or western white pine. +
Coniferous forests with ponderosa or Jeffrey pine. +
Coniferous forests. +
Coniferous forests, especially with western larch or mountain hemlock. +
Closed-cone pine forests. +
Coniferous forests, especially with blue or Engelmann spruce. +
Coniferous forests, especially with western white pine. +
Coniferous and mixed forests, especially with digger pine. +
Coniferous forests, especially closed-cone pine forests with knobcone pine. +
Coniferous forests. +
Pinyon-juniper woodlands. +
Coniferous forests with Douglas fir. +
Coniferous and mixed forests with Chihuahua pine. +
Spruce forests within 500 m of coast and inland bogs, often within 2 km of lakes and rivers. +
Coniferous forests with ponderosa pine. +
Common on moist to wet soil, mud and sand around temporary pools, along ditches and roadsides, and in fields, occasional on sandstone and limestone outcrops +
Uncommon on moist to dry soil along roadsides, in fields, rarely on rock +
Uncommon to rare on moist open sandy or loamy soil, along roadsides and in grassy often disturbed areas +
Uncommon on moist open sandy or loamy soil, along roadsides and in grassy often disturbed areas, or crevices and pockets in rock +
Common on moist open sandy, loamy, or clay soils, mud, and rock outcrops in a wide variety of open habitats, including roadsides, ditches, meadows, prairies, sand dunes, and creeks +
Common to uncommon on dry to moist sand, soil, in clearings, along roadsides, creek banks, open forests, pastures, often on soil of limestone and sandstone outcrops +
Open, coastal, wet, brackish habitats on clay, sand, gravel or rocks, upper tidal marshes, brackish coastal meadows, coastal herbaceous or heath tundras, sloughs, coastal rocks, flood plains and bars at mouths of streams +
Open, coastal, wet, brackish habitats on clay, sand, gravel, or rocks, beaches near tideline, coastal dunes, beach meadows, carex salt marshes, estuarine marshes and flood plains, coastal tundra +
Waste places, roadsides, fields, forest clearings +
Waste places, roadsides, fields, forest clearings +
Waste places, roadsides, fields, forest clearings +
Siliceous rock +
Siliceous rock or soil +
Siliceous rock or soil +
Barren shales that are heavily gypsiferous or otherwise chemically unusual (borate-bearing, lithium-bearing), creosote bush zone +
Barren, heavily gypsiferous shales, creosote bush zone +
Barren, calcareous, scree slopes and weakly gypsiferous shales interbedded with marine limestones, creosote bush and blackbrush zones +
Chaparral, edges of open forests +
Chaparral, open, closed-cone conifer forests +
Closed-cone conifer chaparral on serpentine soil +
Closed-cone conifer chaparral on serpentine soil +
Chaparral, open forests +
Chaparral, open forests +
Chaparral, open woodlands +
Chaparral, gaps and margins of conifer forests along coast, sometimes extending inland, open areas around rock outcrops +
Island chaparral, open, closed-cone conifer forests +
Maritime chaparral and open conifer forests +
Maritime and marginal interior chaparral and closed-cone conifer forests +
Maritime chaparral and closed-cone conifer forests on siliceous shales +
Maritime chaparral on volcanic soils +
Maritime chaparral and coastal bluffs, historic stable dunes +
Island chaparral +
Maritime chaparral, grasslands on alluvial and fluvial soils +
Acidic marine sands +
Steep, rocky slopes and bluffs near ocean +
Maritime chaparral, serpentine soils +
Chaparral on decomposing granites +
Interior chaparral chiefly on granitic rocks +
Maritime chaparral and closed-cone conifer forests on sandstone coastal bluffs +
Pure and mixed chaparral +
Chaparral, often on steep, rocky slopes +
Chaparral +
interior chaparral on gabbroic soils +
interior chaparral +
Rocky slopes, chaparral, woodlands +
Chaparral, closed-cone conifer forests +
Serpentine chaparral and open forests on sandstone +
Coastal prairies +
Maritime chaparral and closed-cone conifer forests on stable dunes and sandstone uplands +
Chaparral, open conifer forests +
Maritime chaparral on sandstone outcroppings +
Island chaparral and woodlands +
Open, subalpine forests on soils derived from gabbro +
Chaparral +
Chaparral, open forests +
Chaparral, upper foothill woodlands +
Chaparral, foothill woodlands +
Chaparral, foothill woodlands +
Foothill woodlands, interior chaparral, sometimes in open conifer forests +
Chaparral +
Upper foothill woodlands, open conifer forests +
Chaparral or along forest edges, often along ridge crests +
Chaparral openings in mixed conifer forests +
Chaparral on upland serpentine barrens +
Maritime chaparral, coastal prairie on serpentine soils +
Maritime chaparral +
Maritime chaparral +
Maritime chaparral on sandy soils near coast +
Exposed acidic, whitish, clay soils (oxisols) +
High-elevation forests and montane chaparral +
High-elevation forests and montane chaparral +
Shallow shale soils in chaparral and foothill woodlands +
Chaparral, open forests +
Podsol soils in pygmy pine forests +
Maritime chaparral, closed-cone conifer forests +
Chaparral, open, closed-cone conifer forests +
Knobcone pine chaparral, siliceous shale ridges +
Maritime chaparral on volcanic uplands +
Chaparral +
Sandstone outcrops +
Maritime chaparral on deep to shallow, sandy soils or sandstone outcroppings +
Maritime chaparral, gaps in open forests +
Chaparral on desert edges +
Montane chaparral and forest openings +
Montane chaparral +
Mountain chaparral and forests +
Maritime chaparral on siliceous shale soils +
Chaparral, open forests +
Chaparral, open forests +
Chaparral, open forests +
Sand dunes, maritime chaparral, open, closed-cone conifer forests +
Open pine forests, pinyon-juniper woodlands, chaparral +
Maritime chaparral on deep, sandy soils +
Chaparral of granite uplands +
Chaparral +
Chaparral, margins of open forests +
Maritime chaparral on sandy soils +
Sandstone uplands in maritime chaparral or closed-cone conifer forests near coast +
Chaparral, open conifer forests +
Chaparral, clay barrens +
Chaparral, on or near serpentine +
Maritime chaparral in stabilized dunes or on coastal uplands +
Maritime chaparral on dacite buttes +
Maritime chaparral on coastal uplands +
Maritime chaparral on stabilized dunes or coastal uplands +
Coastal dunes, open, acidic temperate and boreal forests, high montane on acidic, sandy, or rocky soils +
Maritime chaparral, open, closed-cone conifer forests +
Island chaparral, open forests +
Chaparral, open forests +
Chaparral, open forests +
Chaparral, open forests +
Roadsides, old fields, other disturbed habitats +
Roadsides, urban waste places +
Roadsides, waste places, especially in sandy soils near coasts +
Tundra, gravelly beach ridges, lichen heaths, open, boggy, coniferous woods, dry, wind-swept and snow-free fellfields in arctic and alpine tundra +
Rocky and gravelly, arctic or alpine tundra, often in calcareous soils, coastal limestone heaths, swampy woods +
Acidic soil of suburban and urban woodlands and hardwood hammocks +
Roadsides, scrub, near villages, edges of fields, along coasts +
Hammocks +
Acidic soil +
Open woodlands, limestone slopes and outcrops +
Moist, calcareous gravels and rock crevices +
Forests, limestone outcrops, moist hummocks, dunes +
Forests, stream banks +
Crevices of cliffs and bare walls +
Gravelly, moist, montane areas, open alpine woods +
Igneous soil on cliffs and ledges +
Boggy meadows, freshwater marshes +
Open, dry to slightly moist sand or gravel +
Roadsides, open, sandy or rocky, disturbed sites +
Roadsides, open, sandy or rocky, disturbed sites +
Sphagnum bogs, coniferous swamps, calcareous treed to open fens, and moist, acid, sandy meadows +
Dry plains and low hills, road and field margins +
Waste places, roadsides, fields, beaches, dunes, coastal plains +
Pastures and waste ground +
Precipitous slopes +
Fields, pastures, hills +
Arid plains and mountains +
Dry valleys and plains, especially around sand dune areas +
Dry flats and slopes, stabilized dunes, washes, sandy or granitic soil +
Washes and outwash plains, deserts +
Prairies, slopes, and eastern foothills of the Laramie and Rocky mountains +
Waste places, often a weed of roadsides, dooryards, fallow fields +
Dry desert ranges +
Dry foothills and slopes +
Dry, rocky soil, full sun +
Open slopes and foothills, full sun +